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1-11.5 lines missing...... new ....... ...... august words. Enki has named you with the name Id-lu-rugu ( i.e. River of the ordeal, an epithet of Asarluhi) , the sublime course ....... You cleanse the just man like gold, and you hand over the wicked to extinction.
12-19. Nourished on the good milk of intelligence, advice and reason, his voice resounds loudly. August sage, firstborn son of Enki, he gives ...... to all who are born. Profoundly intelligent, as wise as his father, possessed of understanding, Asarluhi penetrates everything. Nothing ...... him. Lordly son of the abzu, endowed with holy wisdom, he is Marduk, the bringer of counsel. Tall in stature, he can survey all the divine powers of heaven and earth.
20-28. Son endowed with a broad understanding, whose movement is that of an animal with large horns in the split reeds; Asarluhi, mighty deluge determining great fates, unleashed and knowing no course whatsoever! When great An shared out the divine powers for heaven and earth, incantations fell to your lot. Scanning all mankind with a glance, god of benign features, with an attractive physique; most skilled metalworker, creating masterpieces; counsellor and judge, whose word in the august sanctuary is unalterable and whose character is sublime: I shall exalt him in song and glorify his name.
29-36. Eloquent one of the abzu, great minister of Eridug, lordly Asarluhi! The enkum and ninkum priests, the abgal and abrig priests, the ...... priestesses and the ...... all pay attention when you open your holy mouth. Daily as they go forth, they circumambulate (?) you. Cleansing the purification rites with pure hands and pure tread, holy in every respect, you are the supervisor of the purification priests of E-abzu.
37-41. Kuara, the beloved city which you have chosen in your heart, lives in joy because of you. The generous-hearted Prince ( Enki) named you with the name Asarluhi. 2 lines unclear or fragmentaryup to 5 lines missing
A hymn to Bau's beneficent protective goddess (Bau A)
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Segment A
(These four segments possibly belong to the same composition, in which their sequence is uncertain (Segment A = CBS 10986, B followed by C = U 16868, and D = Ni 4369))
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1-4.3 lines fragmentary Let us ...... praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau.
5-13.3 lines fragmentary She does not ....... She does not go to the rich ...... nor ....... She does not ....... The barge of Suen as it proceeds -- lady, is not yours as beautiful? The joyous symbol of Inana -- protective goddess, is not yours as attractive? Let us ...... praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau.
14-26.8 lines missing or fragmentary ......, daily ...... at her feet. My lady, at his right side you ...... your good ...... towards him. ...... full of glory -- lady, is not yours as beautiful? ...... magnificently in the Land -- protective goddess, is not yours as attractive? Let us ...... praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau.
27-34. Good woman, prayerful lady for whom has been decreed the creation of life -- each day as she goes about, conversing, from early in the morning she is to be ...... at her side with honour. Your name fills the mouth like cakes, butter and cream. Whatever she brings from the street and the beer she brews are of the best quality. She instructs people to provide her with the best produce of her orchards. As a daily task, she inspects the shrine Jirsu. Daily she passes before you in radiance.
35-38. Protective goddess, ...... you have given this person a husband in place of a father. You have given her a husband in place of a father, you have given her a son in place of a smallholding. 2 lines fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-8. I shall praise the good woman, the Utu of the Land, my goddess. Mother Bau's august minister, who creates life for the king! Holy messenger who brings the tablet of life down from the interior of heaven, who sets rain on its way (?) from heaven, and brings forth abundance! Expeditious, an honour to Bau and an ornament of the holy shrine, protective goddess of those who pray to Bau, ...... -- because you love mankind and rejoice at its gifts, let us forever praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau.
9-13. ...... with a lovely head, full of beauty, ...... of lapis lazuli, lovely ......, giving advice, radiant in prayer (?), 1 line fragmentary ...... may she favour the king. 1 line fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
Segment C
1-4.2 lines fragmentary ......, good woman, my protective goddess, let us forever praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau.
5-12.1 line fragmentary respected one, beloved of Bau, lady ...... true cream, 1 line unclearAs is fitting, she lets Lord Ig-alim have the sceptre. Just woman, my protective goddess, lady -- because you ......, let us forever praise (?) you, the beneficent protective goddess of Bau, the lady who ...... food and drink and ...... in abundance, who from the dwelling place of the abzu's abundance speaks in a noble voice in its .......
Segment D
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1-7. My protective goddess, lady ......, good woman encouraging celebration and listening to words of prayer, guiding fine speech and tongues, lady who loves the truth, august minister of Mother Bau, with silver lips, directing ...... and ...... ears and cheeks! Good woman, my protective goddess, your appearance unmatchable, my ......, let us forever praise (?) you.
8-18. Completely filling the ...... with clear and good water, 1 line fragmentary ...... a very fine ...... of woven wool, covered with cuba ornaments, ...... a woollen ...... thighs, rising up like ......, with limbs as bright as daylight, exuding opulence like a ......, with fine forearms, fit for the ......, ...... fingers of silver, ...... nir stone, ...... the palace! Good woman, my protective goddess, your appearance unmatchable, let us forever praise (?) you.
19-24. Minister who forgets nothing, lady who ...... the place that soothes the spirit, ...... a patient heart, 1 line fragmentary with broad hips ......, seemly ......, your name ...... like a ......, ......, lady ...... like a .......
25-28.1 line unclearGood woman, my protective goddess -- because you ...... the statue, let us forever praise (?) you who ...... like cream and butter (?). unknown no. of lines missing
A cir-cag-hula to Damgalnuna (Damgalnuna A)
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Segment A
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1-9. The great prince Enki, ...... heaven and earth, ...... cherishes you. Bride of Enki who determines fates favourably, great wild cow, exceptional in appearance, pre-eminent forever! Your husband, the great lord Nudimmud who makes perfect the borders of the Land, the lord on whom An the king has bestowed perceptiveness; the wise adviser, the sage lord whose command is foremost, who is skilful in everything, the majestic leader who pleases (?) Enlil'sheart; whose divine powers cannot be withstood, he of deep understanding, called by an auspicious name, reaching decisions ...... who is knowledgeable about giving birth, ......, unknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-8. An the king ....... Vigorous wild cow, ....... Life and living ....... Mankind ....... The established first-fruit offerings ....... Pleasing the spirit and ...... the heart, ....... Living and a long life ....... In the house where beer is poured out, ...... the oil of cedars ....... unknown no. of lines missing
Segment C
1-3. The churn (?) ....... The great prince Enki ....... The house (?) ....... unknown no. of lines missing
Segment D
1-5. The divine powers of the abzu ....... The good ....... Outstanding among ladies, your praise ....... You never cease being the wife of your Eridug, the mountain of abundance. She is the birth-giver of the great gods, she is their goddess.
6. A cir-caghula of Damgalnuna.
Enlil in the E-kur (Enlil A)
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1-9. Enlil's commands are by far the loftiest, his {words} {( 1 ms. has instead:) commands} are holy, his utterances are immutable! The fate he decides is everlasting, his glance makes the mountains anxious, his ...... reaches (?) into the interior of the mountains. All the gods of the earth bow down to Father Enlil, who sits comfortably on the holy dais, the lofty {dais} {( some mss. have instead:) engur}, to Nunamnir, whose lordship and princeship are most perfect. The Anuna gods {enter before him} {( 1 ms. has instead:) stand before him} and obey his instructions faithfully.
10-17. The mighty lord, the greatest in heaven and earth, the knowledgeable judge, the wise one of wide-ranging wisdom, has taken his seat in the Dur-an-ki, and made the Ki-ur, the great place, resplendent with majesty. He has taken up residence in Nibru, the lofty bond (?) between heaven and earth. The front of the city is laden with terrible fearsomeness and radiance, its back is such that even the mightiest god dare not attack, and its interior is the blade of a sharp dagger, a blade of catastrophe. For the rebel lands it is a snare, a trap set with a net.
18-25. It cuts short the life of those who speak too mightily. It permits no evil word to be spoken in judgment (?). ......, deception, inimical speech, hostility, impropriety, ill-treatment, wickedness, wrongdoing, looking askance (?), violence, slandering, arrogance, licentious speech (?), egotism and boasting are abominations not tolerated within the city.
26-34. The borders of Nibru form a great net, within which the hurin eagle spreads wide its talons. The evil or wicked man does not escape its grasp. In this city endowed with steadfastness, for which righteousness and justice have been made a lasting possession, and which is clothed (?) in pure clothing on the quay, the younger brother honours the older brother and treats him with human dignity; people pay attention to a father's word and reap the benefits; the child behaves humbly and modestly towards his mother and attains a ripe old age.
35-43. In the city, the holy settlement of Enlil, in Nibru, the beloved shrine of father Great Mountain, he has made the dais of abundance, the E-kur, the shining temple, rise from the soil; he has made it grow on pure land as high as a towering mountain. Its prince, the Great Mountain, Father Enlil, has taken his seat on the dais of the E-kur, the lofty shrine. No god can cause harm to the temple's divine powers. Its holy hand-washing rites are everlasting like the earth. Its divine powers are the divine powers of the abzu: no one can look upon them.
44-55. Its interior is a wide sea which knows no horizon. In its ...... glistening as a banner (?), the bonds and ancient divine powers are made perfect. Its words are prayers, its incantations are supplications. Its word is a favourable omen ......, its rites are most precious. At the festivals, there is plenty of fat and cream; they are full of abundance. Its divine plans bring joy and rejoicing, its verdicts are great. Daily there is a great festival, and at the end of the day there is an abundant harvest. The temple of Enlil is a mountain of abundance; to reach out, to look with greedy eyes, to seize are abominations in it.
56-64. The lagar priests of this temple whose lord has grown together with it are expert in blessing; its gudug priests of the abzu are suited for {( 1 ms. adds:) your} lustration rites; its nuec priests are perfect in the holy prayers. Its great farmer is the good shepherd of the Land, who was born vigorous on a propitious day. The farmer, suited for the broad fields, comes with rich offerings; he does not ...... into the shining E-kur.
65-73. Enlil, when you marked out the holy settlements, you also built Nibru, your own city. You (?) ...... the Ki-ur, the mountain, your pure place. You founded it in the Dur-an-ki, in the middle of the four quarters of the earth. Its soil is the life of the Land, and the life of all the foreign countries. Its brickwork is red gold, its foundation is lapis lazuli. You {made it glisten on high} {( 1 ms. has instead:) raised its glistening top} in Sumer as if it were the horns of a wild bull. It makes all the foreign countries tremble with fear. At its great festivals, the people pass their time in abundance.
74-83. Enlil, holy Urac is favoured with beauty for you; you are greatly suited for the abzu, the holy {throne} {( 1 ms. has instead:) engur}; you refresh yourself in the deep underworld, the holy chamber. Your presence spreads awesomeness over the E-kur, the shining temple, the lofty dwelling. Its fearsomeness and radiance reach up to heaven, its shadow stretches over all the foreign lands, and its crenellation reaches up to the midst of heaven. All lords and sovereigns regularly supply holy offerings there, approaching Enlil with prayers and supplications.
84-92. Enlil, if you look upon the shepherd favourably, if you elevate the one truly called in the Land, then the foreign countries are in his hands, the foreign countries are at his feet! Even the most distant foreign countries submit to him. He will then cause enormous incomes and heavy tributes, as if they were cool water, to reach the treasury. In the great courtyard he will supply offerings regularly. Into the E-kur, the shining temple, he will bring (?) .......
93-99. Enlil, faithful shepherd of the teeming multitudes, herdsman, leader of all living creatures, has manifested his rank of great prince, {adorning himself with} {( 1 ms. has instead:) putting on} the holy crown. As the Wind of the Mountain (?) occupied the dais, he spanned the sky as the rainbow. Like a floating cloud, he moved alone (?).
100-108. He alone is the prince of heaven, the dragon of the earth. The lofty god of the Anunahimself determines the fates. No god can look upon him. His great minister and {commander} {( 1 ms. has instead:) chief barber} Nuska learns his commands and his intentions from him, consults with him and then executes his far-reaching instructions on his behalf. He prays to him with holy prayers (?) and divine powers (?).
109-123. Without the Great Mountain Enlil, no city would be built, no settlement would be founded; no cow-pen would be built, no sheepfold would be established; no king would be elevated, no lord would be given birth; no high priest or priestess would perform extispicy; soldiers would have no generals or captains; no carp-filled waters would dredge (?) the rivers at their peak; the carp would not ...... come straight up (?) from the sea, they would not dart about. The sea would not produce all its heavy treasure, no freshwater fish would lay eggs in the reedbeds, no bird of the sky would build nests in the spacious land; in the sky the thick clouds would not open their mouths; on the fields, dappled grain would not fill the arable lands, vegetation would not grow lushly on the plain; in the gardens, the {spreading trees} {( 1 ms. has instead:) forests} of the mountain would not yield fruits.
124-130. Without the Great Mountain Enlil, Nintur would not kill, she would not strike dead; no cow would drop its calf in the cattle-pen, no ewe would bring forth a ...... lamb in its sheepfold; the living creatures which multiply by themselves would not {lie down in their ......} {( 1 ms. has instead:) sit within ......}; the four-legged animals would not propagate, they would not mate.
131-138. Enlil, your ingenuity takes one's breath away! By its nature it is like entangled threads which cannot be unravelled, crossed threads which the eye cannot follow. Your divinity can be relied on. You are your own counsellor and adviser, you are a lord on your own. Who can comprehend your actions? No divine powers are as resplendent as yours. No god can look you in the face.
139-155. You, Enlil, are lord, god, king. You are a judge who makes decisions about heaven and earth. Your lofty word is as heavy as heaven, and there is no one who can lift it. The Anuna gods ...... at your word. Your word is weighty in heaven, a foundation on the earth. In the heavens, it is a great ......, reaching up to the sky. On the earth it is a foundation which cannot be destroyed. When it relates to the heavens, it brings abundance: abundance will pour from the heavens. When it relates to the earth, it brings prosperity: the earth will produce prosperity. Your word means flax, your word means grain. Your word means the early flooding, the life of the lands. It makes the living creatures, the animals (?) which copulate and breathe joyfully in the greenery. You, Enlil, the good shepherd, know their ways (?). ...... the sparkling stars.
156-166. You married Ninlil, the holy consort, whose words are of the heart, her of noble countenance in a holy ba garment, her of beautiful shape and limbs, the trustworthy lady of your choice. Covered with allure, the lady who knows what is fitting for the E-kur, whose words of advice are perfect, whose words bring comfort like fine oil for the heart, who {shares} {( 1 ms. has instead:) sits on} the holy throne, the pure throne with you, she takes counsel and discusses matters with you. You decide the fates together at the place facing the sunrise. Ninlil, the lady of heaven and earth, the lady of all the lands, is honoured in the praise of the Great Mountain.
167-171. Prominent one whose words are well established, whose command and support are things which are immutable, whose utterances take precedence, whose plans are firm words, Great Mountain, Father Enlil, your praise is sublime!
A hymn to Hendursaja (Hendursaja A)
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Segment A
1-7.5 lines missing or fragmentary ...... wise ......; Hendursaja, you have great divine powers, more than anyone could require.
8-14. ...... who gives advice on the rooftops (?); you who among powerful lords are ......, who among rulers hold the staff, a shepherd who oversees the teeming people; ......, who strides about the city's squares by night at the middle of the watch; you who open the gates at daybreak, who make their doors stand open onto the street: Hendursaja, you have great divine powers, more than anyone could require.
15-30. You are the accountant of Nindara, king of Nijin in its spacious location. Nance has placed a mighty symbol in your hand, Hendursaja. The mistress, Mother Nance, speaks confidentially with you. She has made ...... crook and sceptre for its plans flourish in a pure place; she ...... her gaze to your ...... raised in the quiet streets. Your holy ......, the straight harbour-wall, the pure barge -- all is shining. When the mistress, Mother Nance, floats her holy barge to visit you, sweet and noble singers perform for her on board. Your well laid-out fields have wheat, emmer and chick peas. The places where you have laid up supplies lie amid (?) cedars and poplars. The holy cow delivers butter and delivers milk to your older brother, the lord (?) of the holy sea, the cock ( dar) Nindara, the king of Lagac. Also with her help, monthly and at the New Year on the days of regular offerings, in your house Nindara makes the wedding-gifts on your behalf for the mistress, Mother Nance.
31-41. You have no river where fish could be caught by the fisheries inspector as they dart about there. No produce is derived by the farmer from your fields. The collector of cattle taxes cannot collect a single bull from your cattle; the shepherd cannot penetrate among your flocks, nor can he make an official assessment. There is no reed ...... among your stakes (?). Your dough trough does not produce any revenue. But the robber who encounters you is ....... On the quiet streets ......; in the play areas you ...... very much. You are the chief constable of the dead people who are brought to the underworld. Hendursaja, you have great divine powers, more than anyone could require.
42-68. A man's personal god stands by at your behest for eating and drinking. If the man grasps ......, and ...... in his hand, and calls upon the name of Hendursaja, then he will take the correct route through the silent streets at dead of night. All the scribes of Arali serve ....... ...... who walks during the day ......, and you let ...... sleep peacefully on the rooftops (?). The seven heralds stand at your service, and they patrol for you on the ...... walls of the Land. 1 line fragmentary the wicked ...... in the city; the evil ...... hunger. The protective god with friendly face, the protective goddess ......; ......, the protective goddess ....... 1 line fragmentary11 lines missing1 line fragmentary
69-76. ...... in the silent streets. ...... bathes 2 lines fragmentary They come out from ......; it is they who appoint the en priestess in the jipar, who choose the nin-dijir priestess by extispicy, who establish the gudug priest with his curly hair.
77-90. On this very day, as evening approaches, the first of the seven is a fox with a sweeping tail. The second snuffles around like a dog. The third pecks greedily at caterpillars like a raven. The fourth overpowers everything like an enormous carrion-eating eagle. The fifth, although not a wolf, will fall upon a black lamb. The sixth screeches like a hawk, when he sits ....... The seventh ......, a shark in the waves. These seven are neither female deities nor male. They hinder a man and hamper a woman; they put aside (?) the woman's weapon. They spread {a stench} {( 1 ms. has instead:) lamentation} in the Land, precisely implementing the divine powers of the gods. Hendursaja, you have great divine powers, more than anyone could require.
91-105. So that everywhere ...... and holy places will be established, and so that Gibil the pure ( i.e. fire) will be available before the E-kur, Lady Ninmug stands by at your behest. So that the holy orchards (?) will be opened up, { Ama-abzu-E-kura} {( 1 ms. has instead:) Dumuzid-abzu} stands by at your behest. So that the bolts of holy houses will be opened, { Ninnijbunara} {( 1 ms. has instead:) Ninjarjarjar (?)} stands by at your behest. So that there will be joy in Umma, Ninbi-cu-kale stands by at your behest. So that Aratta will be overwhelmed (?), Lugalbandastands by at your behest. So that Nijin will rise above the waters like a mountain, the minister ...... stands by at your behest. So that ......, ...... stands by at your behest. approx. 51 lines missing
Segment B
1-13.1 line fragmentary You are the leader of ....... You are the accountant of the black-headed. You are the chief constable of the dead people who are brought to the underworld. Chief herald, who ...... playing in streets and on roofs, ...... of the dark houses ......, who peers (?) out from the rooftops (?) of the Land, Lord Hendursaja: because you were that too, after Enki had had intercourse with ......, he destined the seven sons that she had borne to him -- those seven sons of a crab -- for the starvation of heaven; he placed them by at your behest, for the crushing (?) of the people of earth.
14-31. So that the pot will be standing by, and so that beer will be filtered, the oldest brother of the seven stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the pot standing by and from the jug with the filtered beer. So that the bitter taste (?) will ...... out of the river water and out of the water of orchards and fields, next of them the second stands by at your behest. He pays you your due when the bitter taste is ...... out of the river water and the out of the water of orchards and fields. So that the little fish may eat ......, and so that the big fish can be brought up onto the fields ( during irrigation) , next of them the third stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the little fish that have eaten ......, and from the big fish that have been brought up onto the fields. So that water can be brought into the pure canal, and so that its basin will bubble (?) joyfully, next of them the fourth stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the pure canal into which water was brought, and from its joyfully bubbling (?) basin.
32-46. So that the dough trough ......, so that fish can be grilled on stakes (?), next of them the fifth stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the ...... dough trough, and from the fish grilled on stakes (?). So that the sheaves can be piled up and the barley sheaves can be spread out, and so that the heaped-up barley can be laid under the stick, next of them the sixth stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the barley spread out from the grain piles, and from the heaped-up barley which is laid under the stick. So that orchards and palm gardens will produce syrup and wine, and so that the holy baskets will be carefully stored, next of them the seventh stands by at your behest. He pays you your due from the syrup and wine produced by the orchards and palm gardens, and from the holy baskets, carefully stored. small no. of lines missing
Segment C
1-14. ...... in Ubcu-unkena. When you yourself ...... your position there, then he who has no personal god, be he ever so great or ever so small, will not say "Poor man!", will not say "Old woman!". In winter, ...... not cold ......, and in summer, not ...... naked ...... hunger. If he walks on a road, he will not ...... its beginning. In the midst of the assembly he ...... nothing bad. If he goes down to the river, he will not catch any fish. If he goes down to the fields, he will not get any produce. If he enters ...... the king's palace, he will get no beer to drink there; ....... If he comes running as a messenger, he will not arrive. The god who has looked upon him will not give him great strength.
15-28. But if someone has a personal god from heaven, his good fortune ....... If this man lies, ....... But if he has spoken the truth, ....... If he walks on a road, he will ...... its beginning. In the midst of the assembly he will ...... bad ....... If he goes down to the river, he will catch fish there. If he goes to the fields, he will take produce from there. If he enters ...... the king's palace, he will get beer to drink; if he puts ......, he ....... If he comes running with a message, people will be pleased with him. The god who has looked upon him will give him great strength. The gusting south wind in the marshes will not sink his boat, thanks to the god; and even if it has to struggle against powerful waves on the open sea, thanks to him he will complete his journey as if he were in a carriage.
29-55. {Now, what does one man say to another? Now, what does one person add to another?} {( 1 ms. has instead:) Now, under the sun on this very day}, as day breaks, as Uturises, Utu stands at the weighing place. If someone wants to buy a bull, then Utu asks Hendursaja; he does not communicate his wisdom to the man who wants to buy the bull. If Hendursaja tells him that the buyer may buy the bull, then Utu determines the destiny for the building of his cattle-pen. If someone wants to buy sheep, then Utu asks Hendursaja; he does not communicate his wisdom to the man who wants to buy sheep. If Hendursaja tells him that the buyer may buy the sheep, then Utu determines the destiny for the fencing of his sheepfold. If someone wants to buy a slave, then Utu asks Hendursaja; he does not communicate his wisdom to the man who wants to buy the slave. If Hendursanga tells him that the buyer may buy the slave, then Utu confirms his ownership by means of the weighing scales. If someone wants to marry a wife, then Utu asks Hendursaja; he does not communicate his wisdom to the man who wants to marry the wife. If Hendursaja tells him that the man may marry the wife, then not only does that person marry the wife but also she bears children; furthermore he builds a house and then encloses a compound. This man will speak only good with his wife, and the young woman will be able to make herself a home in extra large women's quarters.
56-59. Now, what does one man say to another? Now, what does one man add to another person? They say, "I want to ......, I want to ......."
60-70. So as to integrate securely into the cattle-pen the bull that has been bought, so as to make the sheep that have been bought multiply in the sheepfold, so as to make the slave that has been bought behave submissively in the house of his master, so as to test the liquid capacity of a one-litre pot; so that, when the Herald signals with his horn to the troops before the mêlée of battle and the warriors go forth to the high plain, the Herald will force the dragons back from the roads, so that the Herald Hendursaja will make them very frightened -- praise be to the youthful Utu, who has kindly supported the excellent power of the Herald, and praise be to Father Enki, who has kindly supported the excellent power of Hendursaja!
A balbale to Inana (Inana A)
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1-11. Great fierce storm, ...... radiance! Inana, emitting fearsomeness and radiance in battle! {( 1 ms. adds:) Inana, playing (?) in battle! Inana, emitting fearsomeness and radiance in battle!} Where Enlil has commanded it, you make a lion's body and lion's muscles rise up. ...... in the south and in the uplands ...... like grass. Like Ickur ....... Like their proud mighty heroes, {you ......} {( 1 ms. has instead:) may they ...... for you} their noses (?) to the ground. May the {great} {( 1 ms. has instead:) proud} warrior of kings and queens restore for you the shrine Kec. May he make them ...... their noses (?) to the ground for you.
12-23. My lady, you turn your gaze from the abzu (?). An has commanded you ....... You are gifted with divine powers like An the king, and like Enlil you are established in a place of honour. You determine majestic verdicts in the assembly; like a light from heaven within the assembly, you lead (?) the righteous and {seize the wicked} {( 1 ms. has instead:) ...... the evil}. You {lead (?)} {( 1 ms. has instead:) lead forth} the righteous in the palace for Utu. You restore the ....... You ...... the people for the king, and ....... Enlil gave you your fierce face and your serious brow.
The exaltation of Inana (Inana B)
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1-12. Lady of all the divine powers, resplendent light, righteous woman clothed in radiance, beloved of An and Urac! Mistress of heaven, with the great diadem, who loves the good headdress befitting the office of en priestess, who has seized all seven of its divine powers! My lady, you are the guardian of the great divine powers! You have taken up the divine powers, you have hung the divine powers from your hand. You have gathered up the divine powers, you have clasped the divine powers to your breast. Like a dragon you have deposited venom on the foreign lands. When like Ickur you roar at the earth, no vegetation can stand up to you. As a flood descending upon (?) those foreign lands, powerful one of heaven and earth, you are their Inana.
13-19. Raining blazing fire down upon the Land, endowed with divine powers by An, lady who rides upon a beast, whose words are spoken at the holy command of An! The great rites are yours: who can fathom them? Destroyer of the foreign lands, you confer strength on the storm. Beloved of Enlil, you have made awesome terror weigh upon the Land. You stand at the service of An's commands.
20-33. At your battle-cry, my lady, the foreign lands bow low. When humanity comes before you in awed silence at the terrifying radiance and tempest, you grasp the most terrible of all the divine powers. Because of you, the threshold of tears is opened, and people walk along the path of the house of great lamentations. In the van of battle, all is struck down before you. With your strength, my lady, teeth can crush flint. You charge forward like a charging storm. You roar with the roaring storm, you continually thunder with Ickur. You spread exhaustion with the stormwinds, while your own feet remain tireless. With the lamenting balaj drum a lament is struck up.
34-41. My lady, the great Anuna gods fly from you to the ruin mounds like scudding bats. They dare not stand before your terrible gaze. They dare not confront your terrible countenance. Who can cool your raging heart? Your malevolent anger is too great to cool. Lady, can your mood be soothed? Lady, can your heart be gladdened? Eldest daughter of Suen, your rage cannot be cooled!
42-59. Lady supreme over the foreign lands, who can take anything from your province? {Once you have extended your province over the hills} {( 2 mss. have instead:) If you frown at the mountains}, vegetation there is ruined. Their {great gateways} {( 1 ms. has instead:) palaces} are set afire. Blood is poured into their rivers because of you, and their people {must drink it} {( 2 mss. have instead:) could not drink}. They must lead their troops captive before you, all together. They must scatter their élite regiments for you, all together. They must stand their able-bodied young men at your service, all together. Tempests have filled the dancing-places of their cities. They drive their young men before you as prisoners. Your holy command has been spoken over the city which has not declared "The foreign lands are yours!", wherever they have not declared "It is your own father's!"; and it is brought back under your feet. Responsible care is removed from its sheepfolds. Its woman no longer speaks affectionately with her husband; at dead of night she no longer takes counsel with him, and she no longer reveals to him the pure thoughts of her heart. Impetuous wild cow, great daughter of Suen, lady greater than An, who can take anything from your province?
60-65. Great queen of queens, issue of a holy womb for righteous divine powers, greater than your own mother, wise and sage, lady of all the foreign lands, life-force of the teeming people: I will recite your holy song! True goddess fit for divine powers, your splendid utterances are magnificent. Deep-hearted, good woman with a radiant heart, I will enumerate {your divine powers} {( 2 mss. have instead:) good divine powers} {( 1 ms. has instead:) holy divine powers} for you!
66-73. I, En-hedu-ana the en priestess, entered my holy jipar in your service. I carried the ritual basket, and intoned the song of joy. But {funeral offerings were} {( 1 ms. has instead:) my ritual meal was} brought, as if I had never lived there. I approached the light, but the light was scorching hot to me. I approached that shade, but I was covered with a storm. My honeyed mouth became scum. My ability to soothe moods vanished.
74-80. Suen, tell An about Lugal-Ane and my fate! May An undo it for me! As soon as you tell An about it, An will release me. The woman will take the destiny away from Lugal-Ane; foreign lands and flood lie at her feet. The woman too is exalted, and can make cities tremble. Step forward, so that she will cool her heart for me.
81-90. I, En-hedu-ana, will recite a prayer to you. To you, holy Inana, I shall give free vent to my tears like sweet beer! I shall say to her {"Your decision!"} {( some mss. have instead:) "Greetings!"} Do not be anxious about Acimbabbar. In connection with the purification rites of holy An, Lugal-Ane has altered everything of his, and has stripped An of the E-ana. He has not stood in awe of the greatest deity. He has turned that temple, whose attractions were inexhaustible, whose beauty was endless, into a destroyed temple. While he entered before me as if he was a partner, really he approached out of envy.
91-108. My good divine wild cow, drive out the man, capture the man! In the place of divine encouragement, what is my standing now? May An extradite the land which is a malevolent rebel against your Nanna! May An smash that city! May Enlil curse it! May its plaintive child not be placated by his mother! Lady, with the laments begun, may your ship of lamentation be abandoned in hostile territory. Must I die because of my holy songs? My Nanna has {paid no heed to me} {( 1 ms. has instead:) has not decided my case}. He has destroyed me utterly in renegade territory. Acimbabbar has certainly not pronounced a verdict on me. What is it to me if he has pronounced it? What is it to me if he has not pronounced it? He stood there in triumph and drove me out of the temple. He made me fly like a swallow from the window; I have exhausted my life-strength. He made me walk through the thorn bushes of the mountains. He stripped me of the rightful {crown} {( 1 ms. has instead:) garment} of the enpriestess. He gave me a knife and dagger, saying to me "These are appropriate ornaments for you."
109-121. Most precious lady, beloved by An, your holy heart is great; may it be assuaged on my behalf! Beloved spouse of Ucumgal-ana, you are the great lady of the horizon and zenith of the heavens. The Anuna have submitted to you. From birth you were the junior queen: how supreme you are now over the Anuna, the great gods! The Anuna kiss the ground with their lips before you. But my own trial is not yet concluded, although a hostile verdict encloses me as if it were my own verdict. I did not reach out my hands to {the} {( 1 ms. has instead:) my} flowered bed. I did not reveal the pronouncements of Ningal to anybody. My lady beloved of An, may your heart be calmed towards me, the brilliant en priestess of Nanna!
122-138. It must be known! It must be known! Nanna has not yet spoken out! He has said, "He is yours!" Be it known that you are lofty as the heavens! Be it known that you are broad as the earth! Be it known that you destroy the rebel lands! Be it known that you roar at the foreign lands! Be it known that you crush heads! Be it known that you devour corpses like a dog! Be it known that your gaze is terrible! Be it known that you lift your terrible gaze! Be it known that you have flashing eyes! Be it known that you are unshakeable and unyielding! Be it known that you always stand triumphant! That Nanna has not yet spoken out, and that he has said "He is yours!" has made you greater, my lady; you have become the greatest! My lady beloved by An, I shall tell of all your {rages} {( 1 ms. has instead:) daises}! I have heaped up the coals in the censer, and prepared the purification rites. The E-ecdam-kug shrine awaits you. Might your heart not be appeased towards me?
139-143. Since it was full, too full for me, great exalted lady, I have recited this song for you. May a singer repeat to you at noon that which was recited to you at dead of night: "Because of your captive spouse, because of your captive child, your rage is increased, your heart unassuaged."
144-154. The powerful lady, respected in the gathering of rulers, has accepted her offerings from her. Inana's holy heart has been assuaged. The light was sweet for her, delight extended over her, she was full of fairest beauty. Like the light of the rising moon, she exuded delight. Nanna came out to gaze at her properly, and her mother Ningal blessed her. The door posts greeted her. Everyone's speech to the mistress is exalted. Praise be to the destroyer of foreign lands, endowed with divine powers by An, to my lady enveloped in beauty, to Inana!
A hymn to Inana (Inana C)
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1-10. The great-hearted mistress, the impetuous lady, proud among the Anuna gods and pre-eminent in all lands, the great daughter of Suen, exalted among the Great Princes ( a name of the Igigi gods) , the magnificent lady who gathers up the divine powers of heaven and earth and rivals great An, is mightiest among the great gods -- she makes their verdicts final. The Anuna gods crawl before her august word whose course she does not let An know; he dare not proceed against her command. She changes her own action, and no one knows how it will occur. She makes perfect the great divine powers, she holds a shepherd's crook, and she is their magnificent pre-eminent one. She is a huge shackle clamping down upon the gods of the Land. Her great awesomeness covers the great mountain and levels the roads.
11-17. At her loud cries, the gods of the Land become scared. Her roaring makes the Anunagods tremble like a solitary reed. At her rumbling, they hide all together. Without Inana great An makes no decisions, and Enlil determines no destinies. Who opposes the mistress who raises her head and is supreme over the mountains? Wherever she ......, cities become ruin mounds and haunted places, and shrines become waste land. When her wrath makes people tremble, the burning sensation and the distress she causes are like an ulu demon ensnaring a man.
18-28. She stirs confusion and chaos against those who are disobedient to her, speeding carnage and inciting the devastating flood, clothed in terrifying radiance. It is her game to speed conflict and battle, untiring, strapping on her sandals. Clothed (?) in a furious storm, a whirlwind, she ...... the garment of ladyship. When she touches ...... there is despair, a south wind which has covered ....... Inana sits on harnessed (?) lions, she cuts to pieces him who shows no respect. A leopard of the hills, entering (?) the roads, raging (?), ......, the mistress is a great bull trusting in its strength; no one dare turn against her. ......, the foremost among the Great Princes, a pitfall for the disobedient, a trap for the evil, a ...... for the hostile, wherever she casts her venom .......
29-38. Her wrath is ......, a devastating flood which no one can withstand. A great watercourse, ......, she abases those whom she despises. The mistress, an eagle that lets no one escape, ......, Inana, a falcon preying on the gods, Inana rips to pieces the spacious cattle-pens. The fields of the city which Inana has looked at in anger ....... The furrows of the field which the mistress ...... grass. An opposes her, ....... Setting on fire, in the high plain the mistress ....... Inana ....... The mistress ...... speeding ...... fighting, ...... conflict.
39-48. ...... she performs a song. This song ...... its established plan, weeping, the food and milk of death. Whoever eats ...... Inana's food and milk of death will not last. Gall will give a burning pain to those she gives it to eat, ...... in their mouth ....... In her joyful heart she performs the song of death on the plain. She performs the song of her heart. She washes their weapons with blood and gore, ....... Axes smash heads, spears penetrate and maces are covered in blood. Their evil mouths ...... the warriors ....... On their first offerings she pours blood, filling them with death.
49-59. On the wide and silent plain, darkening the bright daylight, she turns midday into darkness. People look upon each other in anger, they look for combat. Their shouting disturbs the plain, it weighs on the pasture and the waste land. Her howling is like Ickur's and makes the flesh of all the lands tremble. No one can oppose her murderous battle -- who rivals her? No one can look at her fierce fighting, the speeding carnage. Engulfing (?) water, raging, sweeping over the earth, she leaves nothing behind. The mistress, a breaking plough opening hard ground, ....... The braggarts do not lift their necks, ....... Her great heart performs her bidding, the mistress who alone fashions (?) ....... Exalted in the assembly, she occupies the seat of honour, ...... to the right and left.
60-72. Humbling huge mountains as if they were piles of litter, she immobilises ....... She brings about the destruction of the mountain lands from east to west. Inana ...... wall ...... gulgul stones, she obtains victory. She ...... the kalaga stone ...... as if it were an earthenware bowl, she makes it like sheep's fat. The proud mistress holds a dagger in her hand, a radiance which covers the Land; her suspended net catches fish in the deep, not even leaving the ahanin the subterranean waters. As if she were a clever fowler no bird escapes the mesh of her suspended net. The place ......, ...... the divine plans of heaven and earth. The intention of her word does not ...... to An. The context of her confusing advice in the great gods' assembly is not known. 2 lines fragmentary
73-79. The mistress, a leopard among the Anuna gods, full of pride, has been given authority. Not having ...... struggle ......, Inana ....... She ...... the adolescent girl in her chamber, receiving her, ...... heart ...... charms. She evilly ...... the woman she rejects. In the entire (?) country she ....... She lets her run around in the town square ....... ...... of a house the wife sees her child.
80-90. When she had removed the great punishment from her body, she invoked blessings upon it; she caused it to be named the pilipili. She broke the spear and as if she were a man ...... gave her a weapon. When she had ...... punishment, it is not ....... She ...... the door of the house of wisdom, she makes known its interior. Those who do not respect her suspended net do not escape ...... when she suspends the meshes of her net. The man she has called by name she does not hold in esteem. Having approached the woman, she breaks the weapon and gives her a spear. The male jicgisajkec, the nisub and the female jicgi ritual officiants, after having ...... punishment, moaning ....... The ecstatic, the transformed pilipili, the kurjaraand the sajursaj ....... Lament and song ....... They exhaust themselves with weeping and grief, they ...... laments.
91-98. Weeping daily your heart does not ....... 'Alas' ...... heart ...... knows no relaxation. Beloved lady of holy An, your ...... in weeping ....... In heaven ....... On your breast ....... You alone are majestic, you have renown, heaven and earth ...... not ....... You rival An and Enlil, you occupy their seat of honour. You are pre-eminent in the cult places, you are magnificent in your course.
99-108. Ezina ...... august dais ....... Ickur who roars from the sky ....... His thick clouds ....... When ...... the great divine powers of heaven and earth, Inana, your victory is terrifying ....... The Anuna gods bow down in prostration, they abase themselves. You ride on seven great beasts as you come forth from heaven. Great An feared your precinct and was frightened of your dwelling-place. He let you take a seat in the dwelling-place of great An and then feared you no more, saying: "I will hand over to you the august royal rites and the great divine rites."
109-114. The great gods kissed the earth and prostrated themselves. The high mountain land, the land of cornelian and lapis lazuli, bowed down before you, but Ebih did not bow down before you and did not greet you. Shattering it in your anger, as desired, you smashed it like a storm. Lady, pre-eminent through the power of An and Enlil, ....... Without you no destiny at all is determined, no clever counsel is granted favour.
115-131. To run, to escape, to quiet and to pacify are yours, Inana. To rove around, to rush, to rise up, to fall down and to ...... a companion are yours, Inana. To open up roads and paths, a place of peace for the journey, a companion for the weak, are yours, Inana. To keep paths and ways in good order, to shatter earth and to make it firm are yours, Inana. To destroy, to build up, to tear out and to settle are yours, Inana. To turn a man into a woman and a woman into a man are yours, Inana. Desirability and arousal, bringing goods into existence and establishing properties and equipment are yours, Inana. Profit, gain, great wealth and greater wealth are yours, Inana. Profit and having success in wealth, financial loss and reduced wealth are yours, Inana. {Observation} {( 1 ms. has instead:) Everything}, choice, offering, inspection and embellishment are yours, Inana. Assigning virility, dignity, guardian angels, protective deities and cult centres are yours, Inana. 6 lines fragmentary
132-154. ...... mercy and pity are yours, Inana. ...... are yours, Inana. To cause the ...... heart to tremble, ...... illnesses are yours, Inana. To have a favourite wife, ......, to love ...... are yours, Inana. Rejoicing, being haughty, ...... are yours, Inana. Neglect and care, raising and bowing down are yours, Inana. To build a house, to create a woman's chamber, to possess implements, to kiss a child's lips are yours, Inana. To run, to race, to plot and to succeed are yours, Inana. To interchange the brute and the strong and the weak and the powerless is yours, Inana. To interchange the heights and valleys, and raising up and reducing, is yours, Inana. To give the crown, the throne and the royal sceptre is yours, Inana. 12 lines missing
155-157. To diminish, to make great, to make low, to make broad, to ...... and to give a lavish supply are yours, Inana. To bestow the divine and royal rites, to carry out the appropriate instructions, slander, untruthful words, abuse, to speak inimically and to overstate are yours, Inana.
158-168. The false or true response, the sneer, to commit violence, to extend derision, to speak with hostility, to cause smiling and to be humbled or important, misfortune, hardship, grief, to make happy, to clarify and to darken, agitation, terror, panic, awesome brilliance and radiance, triumph, pursuit, imbasur illness, sleeplessness and restlessness, submission, gift, ...... and howling, strife, chaos, opposition, fighting and speeding carnage, ......, to know everything, to strengthen for the distant future a nest built ......, to instill fear in the ...... desert like a ...... poisonous snake, to subdue the hostile enemy, ...... and to hate ...... are yours, Inana.
169-173. To ...... the lots ......, to gather the dispersed people and restore them to their homes, to receive ......, to ...... are yours, Inana. 1 line fragmentary
174-181. ...... the runners, when you open your mouth, ...... turns into ....... At your glance a deaf man does not ...... to one who can hear. At your anger what is bright darkens; you turn midday into darkness. When the time had come you destroyed the place you had in your thoughts, you made the place tremble. Nothing can be compared to your purposes (?); who can oppose your great deeds? You are the lady of heaven and earth! Inana, in (?) the palace the unbribable judge, among the numerous people ...... decisions. The invocation of your name fills the mountains, An (?) cannot compete with your .......
182-196. Your understanding ...... all the gods ....... You alone are magnificent. You are the great cow among the gods of heaven and earth, as many as there are. When you raise your eyes they pay heed to you, they wait for your word. The Anuna gods stand praying in the place where you dwell. Great awesomeness, glory ....... May your praise not cease! Where is your name not magnificent? 9 lines missing
197-202. Your song is grief, lament ....... Your ...... cannot be changed, your anger is crushing. Your creation cannot be ......, An has not diminished your ...... orders. Woman, with the help of An and Enlil you (?) have granted ...... as a gift in the assembly. Unison ...... An and Enlil ......, giving the Land into your hand. An does not answer the word you have uttered to him.
203-208. Once you have said 'So be it', great An does not ...... for him. Your 'So be it' is a 'So be it' of destruction, to destroy ....... Once you have said your ...... in the assembly, An and Enlil will not disperse it. Once you have made a decision ......, it cannot be changed in heaven and earth. Once you have specified approval of a place, it experiences no destruction. Once you have specified destruction for a place, it experiences no approval.
209-218. Your divinity shines in the pure heavens like Nanna or Utu. Your torch lights up the corners of heaven, turning darkness into light. The men and women form a row for you and each one's daily status hangs down before you. Your numerous people pass before you, as before Utu, for their inspection. No one can lay a hand on your precious divine powers; all your divine powers ....... You exercise full ladyship over heaven and earth; you hold everything in your hand. Mistress, you are magnificent, no one can walk before you. You dwell with great Anin the holy resting-place. Which god is like you in gathering together ...... in heaven and earth? You are magnificent, your name is praised, you alone are magnificent!
219-242. I am En-hedu-ana, the high priestess of the moon god. ......; I am the ...... of Nanna. 1 line fragmentary20 lines missing1 line fragmentary
243-253. Advice ......, grief, bitterness ......, 'alas' ....... My lady, ...... mercy ...... compassion ...... I am yours! This will always be so! May your heart be soothed towards me! May your understanding ...... compassion. May ...... in front of you, may it be my offering. Your divinity is resplendent in the Land! My body has experienced your great punishment. Bitter lament keeps me awake with ...... anxiety. Mercy, compassion, care, lenience and homage are yours, and to cause flood storms, to open hard ground and to turn darkness into light.
254-263. My lady, let me proclaim your magnificence in all lands, and your glory! Let me praise your ways and greatness! Who rivals you in divinity? Who can compare with your divine rites? May great An, whom you love, say for you "It is enough!". May the great gods calm your mood. May the lapis lazuli dais, fit for ladyship, ....... May your magnificent dwelling place say to you: "Be seated". May your pure bed say to you: "Relax". Your ......, where Utu rises, .......
264-271. They proclaim your magnificence; you are the lady ....... An and Enlil have determined a great destiny for you throughout the entire universe. They have bestowed upon you ladyship in the assembly chamber. Being fitted for ladyship, you determine the destiny of noble ladies. Mistress, you are magnificent, you are great! Inana, you are magnificent, you are great! My lady, your magnificence is resplendent. May your heart be restored for my sake!
272-274. Your great deeds are unparallelled, your magnificence is praised! Young woman, Inana, your praise is sweet!
A hymn to Inana as Ninegala (Inana D)
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1-8. Great light, heavenly lioness, always speaking words of assent! Inana, great light, lioness of heaven, who always speaks words of assent! Ninegala! As you rise in the morning sky like a flame visible from afar, and at your bright appearance in the evening sky, the shepherd ( i.e. the king) entrusts (?) the flocks of Sumer to you. Celestial sign, ...... glory of heaven! All the countries are building a house for you as for the risen sun; a shining (?) torch is assigned to you, the light of the Land.
9-10. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
11-19. When bright ...... had raised its head in the Land, and when you live ...... with ......, the young woman ...... the hero for you, she has grasped ...... for you. ...... has brought the numerous ...... to you. They raise ...... to your ......; kids ...... are ordered, and your Egal-edina, the place of calm, has been arranged for you. You are the good woman who appears radiantly throughout the Land.
20-21. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
22-36. After the first watch of the night has passed, as like a shepherd you get up from the grass, you seize your battle-mace like a warrior, you fasten the guma cloth on your arms, and you bind on your indefatigable strength. Thus you appear brilliantly, together with An, in the city ( probably Unug) . On earth, Inana, you emit awe-inspiring splendour from the holy dais. Your feet are placed on seven dogs, your seat is set upon a lion and a leopard. Cattle and sheep are brought to you for inspection. Lulal stands by your feet, bearing in battle the pitiless (?) mace. Beside them the cultic attendants stand at your service, lined up for you beside the dogs. They have taken over the temple Gu-ena-ida, to provide for you.
37-38. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
39-43. The ...... dog (?) has brought the sheep close to you; the powerful dog (?) has ...... a wild bull ...... in its paws, 2 lines unclearthe lion, the warrior .......
44-56. Inana, in heaven you are lightning, on earth you move swiftly ...... against the foreign land that you are angry with, ....... When in your precinct and shrine the Ibgal you regulate the divine ordinances like the divine powers of An, when you regulate the heavenly ordinances like the divine powers of Enki and cause awe of you to reach up to the heavens, then your seat is on the ...... dais on the terrace by your Gate of Four Faces. Inana, you go into the interior of heaven like your father Suen; Ninegala, you appear like moonlight in your shrine the Ibgal, placing your foot on your ordinances, and dividing them among the ...... dogs (?).
56-57. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
58-65. When you slip through where brambles and foul great thorns grow, when you stride along all the mountains, when you drink from puddles with the dogs, when you share the stall with the horses, when with the storm you reduce everything to a mere shadow, Inana, when you cause the rain to fall all day long, then your seat is in your E-kug-nuna at Eridug, on the dais where destinies are determined.
66-76. At the New Year, at the festival of Dumuzid, your spouse Ama-ucumgal-ana, Lord Dumuzid, steps forward to you. ...... of weeping are brought to you, Inana, as offerings. The tubes of the underworld are opened for you, and memorial libations are poured down them for you. The en priests, the lumah priests and the nindijir priestesses, and the dead luzid and amalu, eat meals for you, to keep away the ghosts, and drink water for you, to keep away the ghosts. Your holy dais is set up beside them.
77-78. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
79-87. Inana, when you give judgment with An and Enlil; Ninegala, when you decide destinies on earth with Enki, when you shimmer (?), when you ...... to a mere shadow, when you come forth from the corner, when you come forth from the side, when you are to be seen on the horizon, Inana, when in your destructiveness you make storm-floods wash over everything, then the great en priests ......, then the igi-dua priestesses wear the tonsure for you, then your seat is on your Dais of Silence.
88-92. The young men fastened in neck-stocks ...... before you, the mother of the sick lays her child in your arms, the mother of the uprooted (?) ...... in your great hall. You cut the ...... of the weak, you release (?) ...... the weak.
93-94. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
95-106. When you act as a shepherd with the herdsman, when ...... with the cowherd you throw the halters on the cows, when you mix the butter, when you purify the milk, when you find joy in the embrace of your spouse Dumuzid, when you have pleasure in the embrace of your spouse Dumuzid, when you take your seat on the high dais in the great hall in your Kura-igi-jal where judgment is passed, then the people of the holy uzga stand there at your service. 1 line unclearThey cannot compete with you, Inana. As a prostitute you go down to the tavern and, like (?) a ghost who slips in through the window, you enter there.
107-108. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
109-115. When the servants let the flocks loose, and when cattle and sheep are returned to cow-pen and sheepfold, then, my lady, like the nameless poor, you wear only a single garment. The pearls of a prostitute are placed around your neck, and you are likely to snatch a man from the tavern. As you hasten to the embrace of your spouse Dumuzid, Inana, then the seven paranymphs share the bedchamber with you.
116-117. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
118-125. In the evening, when the stars return together again and when Utu enters into his chamber, when in heaven, Inana, you diffuse awesomeness like fire, and when on earth, Ninegala, you screech like a falcon, then you ...... in play and dancing. 1 line unclearYou go from moonlight to star, you go from star to moonlight.
126-127. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
128-143.13 lines missing or unclearThe slavegirl ...... her mistress. ...... her house and property. ...... her child.
144-145. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
146-158.7 lines unclear...... you are the great goddess. 2 lines unclearThe levy of troops is brought into the broad square like a crouching dragon. The young woman abandons the E-mah, destroying the temple like my ....... The young man who has come to know your eminence makes a gesture of obeisance.
159-160. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
161-190.5 lines unclear20 lines missing1 line fragmentary ...... has presented (?) ...... to you there. Your position ....... If ...... beside the Egal-edina, then the evil demons and demonesses oppose it.
191-192. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
193-204.1 line fragmentary Inana, you are an object of admiration, like a charming young maiden. ...... has been opened for you. Mistress, your ...... priestess hangs the cuba jewels on you. The great ......, responsible for the ordinances, 1 line unclearYou enter house after house, you peer into lane after lane. Lady, when ......, when your emblem is displayed, maiden, when you stand in ......, you are covered in loveliness. Who ...... finds ...... in the sheepfold, ......, ...... prayer .......
205-206. Inana, you are the lady of all the divine powers, and no deity can compete with you. Here is your dwelling, Ninegala; let me tell of your grandeur!
207-217. Inana, you are the lady of the great divine powers. Your mother Ningal ...... great attributes. Your father Suen ...... great holy cows. Your brother, the youth Utu ....... Your spouse Ama-ucumgal-ana, the shepherd, Lord Dumuzid, ....... Your beloved minister (?) Nincubur ....... Your beloved sister-in-law Jectin-ana ....... 3 lines fragmentary or missing
A tigi to Inana (Inana E)
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1-4. Lady whom Ningal has joyously made attractive with beauty, speed has been given to you as to a dragon. Inana whom Ningal has joyously made attractive with beauty, speed has been given to you as to a dragon.
5-8. Riding on the south wind, you are she who has received the divine powers from the abzu. You have seated King Ama-ucumgal-ana upon your holy dais. Inana, riding on the south wind, you are she who has received the divine powers from the abzu. You have seated King Ama-ucumgal-ana upon your holy dais.
9-12. Goddess, you have provided ...... to the hero and made your divine powers excel in heaven. Since your mother's womb, you have wielded the cita mace and the mitum mace. Inana, you have provided ...... to the hero and made your divine powers excel in heaven. Since Ningal's womb, you have wielded the cita mace and the mitum mace.
13-16. Towards the king who spends the night in the Land, as towards Utu as he approaches (?), everyone is well-disposed. When he rises at the mountains, the mountains rejoice with you. Towards Ama-ucumgal-ana who spends the night in the Land, as towards Utu as he approaches (?), everyone is well-disposed. When he rises at the mountains, the mountains rejoice with you.
17-20. My lady, he has been given as your husband -- rejoice with him! Enlil has given a mountain of greatness into your hands. Inana, he has been given as your husband -- rejoice with him! Enlil has given a mountain of greatness into your hands.
21-24. Mistress, you have given your strength to him who is king. Ama-ucumgal-ana brings forth radiance for you. Inana, you have given your strength to him who is king. Ama-ucumgal-ana brings forth radiance for you.
25-28. When he goes out to the rebel lands, to the distant mountains, he spends his time in the mêlée of battle. When Ama-ucumgal-ana goes out to the distant mountains, he spends his time in the mêlée of battle. He thickens good butter for you, as Utu rises from the fragrant cedar mountains! Ama-ucumgal-ana thickens good butter for you, as Utu rises from the fragrant cedar mountains!
30-33. Lady whom no one can withstand in battle, great daughter of Suen who rises in heaven and inspires terror, he who for you stands complete in his manhood rejoices in battle as at a festival, and for you he destroys the rebel lands and houses ....... For you Ama-ucumgal-ana, the mighty hero, kills everyone with his shining cita mace.
34-37. Inana, lady whom no one can withstand in battle, great daughter of Suen who rises in heaven and inspires terror, he who for you stands complete in his manhood rejoices in battle as at a festival, and for you he destroys the rebel lands and houses ....... For you Ama-ucumgal-ana, the mighty hero, kills everyone with his shining cita mace.
38-41. Lady, throughout heaven and earth who knows from you the intentions of your heart, those great matters? All heaven trembles (?) at your word, a double-twined thread which cannot be separated. Your father Enlil has given this to you. Ama-ucumgal-ana competes majestically for you in battle, cutting a swathe like a dragon.
42-45. Inana, lady, throughout heaven and earth who knows from you the intentions of your heart, those great matters? All heaven trembles (?) at your word, a double-twined thread which cannot be separated. Your father Enlil has given this to you. Ama-ucumgal-anacompetes majestically for you in battle, cutting a swathe like a dragon.
46-49. My lady, Ama-ucumgal-ana trusts in you. He cloaks his body as if in your royal robe of office. Monthly at the crescent moon An recreates him for you like Suen. People praise King Ama-ucumgal-ana, the beloved of your heart, like Utu as he rises.
50-53. Inana, my lady, Ama-ucumgal-ana trusts in you. He cloaks his body as if in your royal robe of office. Monthly at the crescent moon An recreates him for you like Suen. With you, people praise King Ama-ucumgal-ana like Utu as he rises.
55. A tigi of Inana. ( lines 54 and 55 are written as one line in source)
A balbale (?) to Inana (Inana F)
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1-3. My father gave me the heavens and he gave me the earth. I am Inana! Which god compares with me?
4-13. Enlil gave me the heavens and he gave me the earth. I am Inana! He gave me lordship, and he gave me queenship. He gave me battles and he gave me fighting. He gave me the stormwind and he gave me the dust cloud. He placed the heavens on my head as a crown. He put the earth at my feet as sandals. He wrapped the holy ba garment around my body. He put the holy sceptre in my hand.
14-17. The gods are small birds, but I am the falcon. The Anuna mill about, but I am the good wild cow, I am the good wild cow of Father Enlil, his good wild cow which walks in front.
18-20. When I enter the E-kur, the house of Enlil, the gate-keeper does not lift his hand against my breast; the minister does not tell me, "Rise!".
21-33. The heavens are mine and the earth is mine: I am heroic! In Unug the E-ana is mine, in Zabalam the Giguna is mine, in Nibru the Dur-an-ki is mine, in Urim the E-Dilmuna is mine, in Jirsu the Ecdam-kug is mine, in Adab the E-cara is mine, in Kic the Hursaj-kalama is mine, in Kisiga the Amac-kuga is mine, in Akcak the Anzagar is mine, in Umma the Ibgal is mine, in Agade the Ulmac is mine. Which god compares with me?
A cir-namcub to Inana (Inana G)
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1-19. When I go, when I go -- the mighty queen who ......, who ......; when I, the queen, go to the Abzu, when I, Inana, go to the Abzu, when I go to the Abzu, the E-nun, when I go to Eridugthe good, when I go to E-engura, when I go to E-ana, the temple of Enlil, when I go to ......, when I go to where the great offering bowls stand in the open air, when I go to where the ...... pure ...... bowls, when I go to where ...... is honoured, when I go to where Lord Enki is honoured, when I go to where Damgalnuna ...... is honoured, when I go to where Asarluhi ...... is honoured -- then I bring a dog with me, I bring a lion (?) with me, I bring boxwood with me, I bring halub wood with me. I, Inana, receive the little ......, when I travel there, when I travel there.
20-35. I go as one who brings forth water; I go as one who brings forth water. When I, the queen, go into the marshes, I go as the ...... of the marshes. When I go into the hub of the battle, I go as one who brings forth its brightest light (?). When I go into the van of the battle, I go as one who brings forth its brightest light (?). When I follow at the rear of the battle, I go for ...... the evil of the ....... When I enter the temple of Enlil, I go as its woman who triumphed over the mountains. I (?) utter hostile words against the foreign lands; I seat my husband before me. I utter a challenge in (?) the temples of the gods (?); I utter a challenge against Utu, against Nanna; I utter a challenge against Sud in its holy .......
36-47. The river, the river, good as the vast river, the ......, good as the city -- there is nothing as good as this! The river, the noble river, as the vast river, the river, the Euphrates, as the vast river, the ...... of the Euphrates, as the vast river, 2 lines fragmentary -- good as the ......, good as the city -- there is nothing as good as this! Just as when Enki, the wild bull of Eridug, arrives; as when the mother of the E-mah, Damgalnuna, arrives; as when Asarluhi, the son of Eridug, arrives; as when Enlil eats, as when he drinks, ...... good as ......, good as the city -- there is nothing as good as this!
48-51. ( Inana speaks:) "...... this is in (?) my heart. To where ...... is honoured, ...... to where the just man honours him, its man prepares a flowered bed within the house."
52-65. In E-ana the linen-clad priests prepare an altar for him. Water is placed there for the lord; they address him. Bread is placed there; they address him. He is refreshed in the palace; they address him as follows: " Dumuzid, radiant in the temple (?) and on earth! Mother Inana, Mother Inana, your mounds, your mounds (?)! Mother Inana, Inana of heaven, your garments, your garments, your black garment, your white garment!" ( Inana (?) speaks:) "Oh my man who has come to the house: approach (?)!" (The priests (?) speak:) "Bring forward a chant, a melody of the heart! Bring forward their ......, as they seat the ......! Approach their place, where they are stationing, where they are stationing, where they are stationing, where they are stationing Enlil in the Ki-ur!"
66-69. ( Inana speaks:) "Wild bull, face of the Land! I will give life to its man! I will fulfil all its needs (?)! I will make its man produce correct speech in the shrine, ...... correct speech in the interior hall of the palace."
70-77. (The priests (?) speak:) "Oh mistress, let your breasts be your fields! Inana, let your breasts be your fields, your wide fields which pour forth flax, your wide fields which pour forth grain! Make water flow from them! Provide it from them for the man! Make water flow and flow from them! Keep providing it from them for the man! ...... for the specified man, and I will give you this to drink."
78. A cir-namcub of Inana.
A balbale to Inana as Nanaya (Inana H)
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Version A
1-6. "Worthy of An, ......, ...... unsurpassed in ladyship, a throne ...... a man in the house, a throne ...... a woman in the shrine, a gold ornament ...... on the dress, a ...... pin ...... the nijlamgarment."
7-15A. "Let me ...... on your ...... -- Nanaya, its ...... is good. Let me (?) ...... on your breast -- Nanaya, its ...... flour is sweet. Let me put ...... on your navel -- Nanaya, ....... Come with me, my lady, come with me, come with me from the entrance to the shrine. May ...... for you. {( ms. c adds 1 line:) Come my beloved sister, let my heart rejoice.}"
16-20. "Your hand is womanly, your foot is womanly. Your conversing with a man is womanly. Your looking at a man is womanly. {( ms. c adds 4 lines:) Your ...... a hand towards a man is womanly. Your ...... a foot is womanly. Your ...... forearm makes my heart rejoice. Your ...... a foot brings me pleasure.} As you rest against the wall, your patient heart pleases. As you bend over, your hips are particularly pleasing."
20A-29. " {( mss. a and c add 2 lines:) My resting against the wall is one lamb. My bending over is one and a half gij.} Do not dig a canal, let me be your canal. Do not plough a field, let me be your field. Farmer, do not search for a wet place, my precious sweet, let this be your wet place. ......, let this be your furrow. ......, let this be your desire! Caring for ......, I come ....... I come ...... with bread and wine."
30-32. "You come to me with bread and wine. Come, my beloved sister, let me ...... this heart. Nanaya, let me kiss you."
33. A balbale of { Nanaya} {( ms. a has instead:) Inana}.
Version B
Segment A
unknown no. of lines missing
1-9. "...... on your navel. My sweet illustrious sister, ....... On your back ....... My illustrious sister, ...... hand. In your vagina ...... the gardens. Nanaya, ....... In your anus ...... the fields. My illustrious sister, ...... the acres. Come to me, my sister, ......." unknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-7.1 line fragmentary "Come, my beloved sister, ......." 4 lines fragmentary "Sister, ......." unknown no. of lines missing
A cir-namcub to Inana (Inana I)
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Segment A
1-15. When I ...... as I travel by boat, when I ...... as I travel by boat, when I, the queen, journey to the abzu, when I enter the house of Enlil, I am indeed the queen who is pre-eminent in the mountains. When I stand before the face of Enlil, I am indeed the emanating light. When I stand in the mouth of the battle, I am indeed also the foremost one of all lands. When I stand in the thick of the battle, I am indeed also the very guts of battle, the heroic strength. When I walk about at the rear of the battle, I am indeed also the flood bearing ....... When I take my stand behind the battle, I am the woman who comes (?).
16-22. When I sit in the alehouse, I am a woman, and I am an exuberant young man. When I am present at a place of quarrelling, I am a woman, a figurine brought to life. When I sit by the gate of the tavern, I am a prostitute familiar with the penis; the friend of a man, the girlfriend of a woman.
23-34. I am milk of the god. I am pre-eminent in the mountains. I am the milk of the god, of Dumuzid. I am pre-eminent in the mountains. The mountains in my hands, the mountains at my feet, Elam in my hands; I have a pointed dagger in my belt. The gods are small birds, and I am the falcon. The Anuna gods butt each other, but I am the wild cow. I am the grandiloquent daughter of Enlil. I am the formidable one of my father Suen. I am the queen created by Nudimmud. My eye ....... My eye ....... 1 line fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-7. The life of the lord ....... The life of the king ....... Filling throat and heart ....... The city which is restored ....... The beauteous countenance ....... A foot placed on the earth ....... On its full lips .......
8-9. Let the dripping (?) waters ....... The ferry boat, a prayer, a prayer, ...... man .......
10-19. Imbued (?) with my awesomeness! Imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The life of the lord, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The life of the king, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! Filling throat and heart, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The marsh reeds of Kuara, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The most beautiful marsh reeds, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The city which is restored, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! The beauteous countenance, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! A foot placed on the earth, imbued (?) with my awesomeness! On its full lips, imbued (?) with my awesomeness!
20-21. Let the dripping (?) waters ....... The ferry boat, a prayer, a prayer, ...... man .......
22-29. We shall go! We shall go! We shall go in supplication! We shall go for the supplication of the lord! We shall go for the supplication of the king! Those of the supplication of the corner ...... at the corner. Those of the supplication of the side ...... at the side. Mother Inana of heaven ...... with beauty. The Mistress ...... with beauty in the shrine.
30. A cir-namcub of Inana.
A hymn to Inana
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1-9. Lady ......! Returning heroic youth, Inana ....... At the shrine, in Nibru, in the E-du-kug ...... by An, with the holy crown of An placed on her head, the most holy ba garment of An draped around her torso, and the holy sceptre of An placed in her hand -- seated on a seat in the assembly, rendering great judgments in the mountains, and reaching majestic decisions in all the lands!
10-16. Holy Inana gazes as she shines (?) down from heaven like a light. Together with her father Suen, the mistress issues commands to the E-kic-nu-jal of Urim. In her hands she holds prosperity for all the lands. The lady ....... Holy Inana .......
17-22. ......, you are endowed with beauty, 5 lines fragmentary
23-29. You are she who raises ...... in their prayers. You are she who displays shining cornelian from the mountains to be admired. Bringing shining lapis lazuli from the bright mountain on special rafts, you are she who, like fire, melts (?) gold from Harali. You are she who creates apples in their clusters (?). You are she who demands ....... You are she who creates the date spadices in their beauty.
30-44. ( Inana speaks:) "When I was living in my dwelling place, when I was living in An'sdwelling, my lover Ucumgal-ana called upon me to be his wife. In Bad-tibira, from the E-muc-kalama, ...... for his crown." 6 lines fragmentary or unclear...... his assembly, and brought ...... into her holy shrine for her brother Ucumgal-ana.
45-54. ( Inana speaks:) "...... stands ....... Dumuzid stands in beauty like an ildag tree. I will fill my heart with joy. The one who makes food plentiful ...... in Du-cuba (?). My heart is filled with joy, ...... in heaven and earth. The house of Arali ......." 3 lines fragmentary or unclear...... the houses in the broad streets. One blank line on the tablet
55-121.approx. 67 lines missing or fragmentary
122-123. Holy Inana, your august ......! ...... Inana be praised!
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana A)
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1-11. The brother speaks gently to his sister, Utu speaks gently to his sister, he speaks tenderly to holy Inana: "Young lady, the flax in the garden beds is full of loveliness, Inana, the flax in the garden beds is full of loveliness, like the barley in the furrows, overflowing with loveliness and delight. {Sister} {( 1 ms. has instead:) Young lady}, you took a fancy to a grand length of linen; Inana, you took a fancy to a grand length of linen. I will dig up the plants for you and give them to you. {Young lady} {( 1 ms. has instead:) My sister}, I will bring you flax from the garden beds. Inana, I will bring you flax from the garden beds."
12-14. " {Brother} {( 1 ms. has instead:) My brother}, when you have brought me flax from the garden beds, who will ret it for me? Who will ret it for me? Who will ret that flax for me?"
15-16. "My sister, I will bring it to you already retted! Inana, I will bring it to you already retted!"
17-19. " {Brother} {( 1 ms. has instead:) My brother}, when you have brought it to me already retted, who will spin it for me? Who will spin it for me? Who will spin that flax for me?"
20-21. "My sister, I will bring it to you already spun! Inana, I will bring it to you already spun!"
22-24. " {Brother} {( 1 ms. has instead:) My brother}, when you have brought it to me already spun, who will twine it for me? Who will twine it for me? Who will twine that flax for me?"
25-26. "My sister, I will bring it to you already twined! Inana, I will bring it to you already twined!"
27-29. "Brother, when you have brought it to me already twined, who will warp it for me? Who will warp it for me? Who will warp that flax for me?"
30-31. "My sister, I will bring it to you already warped! Inana, I will bring it to you already warped!"
32-34. "Brother, when you have brought it to me already warped, who will weave for me? Who will weave for me? Who will weave that flax for me?"
35-36. "My sister, I will bring it to you already woven! Inana, I will bring it to you already woven!"
37-39. "Brother, when you have brought it to me already woven, who will bleach it for me? Who will bleach it for me? Who will bleach that linen for me?"
40-41. "My sister, I will bring it to you already bleached! Inana, I will bring it to you already bleached!"
42-44. "Brother, when you have brought it to me already bleached, who will lie down on it with me? Who will lie down on it with me? Who will lie down on that linen with me?"
45-50. "There shall lie down with you, there shall lie down with you, there shall lie down with you your bridegroom! Ama-ucumgal-ana shall lie down with you, the companion of Enlil shall lie down with you, the issue of a noble womb shall lie down with you, the offspring of a ruler shall lie down with you."
51-56. "Is it true?-- He is the man of my heart! He is the man of my heart! Brother, he is the man who has spoken to my heart! He does no hoeing, yet heaps up piles of grain; he delivers grain regularly to the storehouse, a farmer who has numerous piles of {grain} {( 1 ms. has instead:) plentiful grain}; a shepherd whose sheep are heavy (?) with wool."
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana B)
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1-3. "My dearest, my dearest, my dearest, my darling, my darling, my honey of her own mother, my sappy vine, my honey-sweet, my honey-mouthed of her mother!"
4-6. "The gazing of your eyes is pleasant to me; come my beloved sister. The speaking of your mouth is pleasant to me, my honey-mouthed of her mother. The kissing of your lips is pleasant to me; come my beloved sister."
7-12. "My sister, the beer of your barley is good, my honey-mouthed of her mother. The ale of your beer-bread is good; come my beloved sister. In the house, your luxuriance ......, my honey-mouthed of her mother. My sister, your luxuriance ......, my beloved ....... Your house ...... a storehouse, my honey-mouthed of her mother. You princess, my ......."
13-16. "For as long as you live, as long as you live, you shall take an oath for me, brother of the countryside, for as long as you live you shall take an oath for me. You shall take an oath for me that you will not touch another. You shall take an oath for me that you will not ...... your head on anyone else."
17-20. "My one who wears the ...... nijlam garment, my beloved, man of my heart! I shall impose an oath ...... on you, my brother of the beautiful eyes. My brother, I shall impose an oath on you, my brother of the beautiful eyes."
21-26. "You are to place your right hand on my genitals while your left hand rests on my head, bringing your mouth close to my mouth, and taking my lips in your mouth: thus you shall take an oath for me. This is the oath of women, my brother of the beautiful eyes."
27-32. "My desirable one, my desirable one, your charms are lovely, my desirable apple garden, your charms are lovely. My fruitful garden of mec trees, your charms are lovely, my one who is in himself Dumuzid-abzu, your charms are lovely. My holy statuette, my holy statuette, your charms are lovely. My alabaster statuette adorned with a lapis-lazuli jewel, your charms are lovely."
33. A balbale song of Inana.
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana C)
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1-2. "My sister, what have you been doing in the house? Little one, what have you been doing in the house?"
3-8. "I was bathing, I was rubbing myself with soap. I was washing myself with water from the holy kettle, I was rubbing myself with the soap from the white stone bowl. I was anointing myself with good oil from the stone bowl, and dressing myself in the formal dress proper to Inana. That is how I was busying myself in the house."
9-18. "I have put lots of kohl on my eyes, I have arranged ...... the nape of my neck. I have washed my dangling hair, I have tested my weapons that make his reign propitious. I have straightened my tousled head of hair, I have tightened my loosened hairgrips, and let my hair fall down the back of my neck. I have put a golden bracelet on my wrist. I have put little lapis-lazuli beads round my neck, and arranged their buttons over my neck muscles."
19-26. "Sister! I will bring you whatever you desire. I will bring the loving heart of your heart. Your goddess has given you good looks. Sister, shining bright, you are the honey of your own mother. My sister, to whom I shall bring five things, my sister, to whom I shall bring 10 things, she has perfected your appearance for you; sister, shining bright, she has really made it a delight."
27-31. "When my brother enters from the palace, the singers shall ......, and I shall pour wine into his mouth. That should gladden his heart, should please his heart."
32-41. "Let him bring, let him bring, now let him bring pats of butter and cream!" "My sister, I will bring them with me to the house." "Let him bring, let him bring me lambs like ewes." "My sister, I will bring them with me to the house." "Let him bring, let him bring me kids like goats." "My sister, I will bring them with me to the house!" "Let the lambs be as comely as ewes!" "My sister, I will bring them with me to the house!" "Let the kids be as fine as goats!" "My sister, I will bring them with me to the house!"
42-48. "See now, {our} {( 1 ms. has instead:) my} breasts stand out; see now, hair has grown on {our} {( 1 ms. has instead:) my} genitals, signifying (?) my progress to the embrace of a man. Let us be very glad! Dance, dance! O Bau, let us be very glad about my genitals! Dance, dance! Later on it will delight him, it will delight him!"
50-51. "Let him bring, let him bring, come let him bring pats of butter and cream!"
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana D)
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1-3. As I was strolling, as I was strolling, as I was strolling ...... the house, as I was strolling, he caught sight of my Inana.
4-11. "What did the brother say to you and speak to you? He of the loving heart and most sweet charms offered you a gift, my holy Inana. As I looked in that direction, my beloved man met you, and he fell in love with you, and he delighted in you alone! The brother brought you into his house and had you lie down on a bed dripping with honey."
12-18. When my sweet precious, my heart, had lain down too, each of them in turn kissing with the tongue, each in turn, then my brother of the beautiful eyes did it fifty times to her, exhaustedly waiting for her, as she trembled underneath him, dumbly silent for him. My dear precious passed the time with my brother laying his hands on her hips.
19-20. "Let me go, my sister! Let me go! Come, my beloved sister, let me go {to the palace} {( 1 ms. has instead:) to our house}!"
21-22. "To my paternal eye you are still a small child. May Bau know you as a man. I'll let you go!"
The song of the lettuce: a balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana E)
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1-4. He has sprouted, he has burgeoned, he is well-watered lettuce, my shaded garden of the desert, richly flourishing, {his mother's favourite} {( 1 ms. has instead:) he is well-watered lettuce}; my grain lovely in beauty in its furrows, he is well-watered lettuce; my first-class fruitful apple tree, he is well-watered lettuce.
5-8. The honey man, the honey man will make me sweet; my lord, the honey man of a goddess, his mother's favourite, whose hands are honey, whose feet are honey, will make me sweet, whose limbs are honey-sweet, will make me sweet.
9-10. Navel! My altogether immediately sweet, my favourite of his mother! Beautiful thighs, raised arms! My ......, he is well-watered lettuce.
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana F)
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1-4. I, the queen, will look with wonder at the foliage. I, Inana, will gaze at the open foliage. May my bridegroom speak to me ...... kindly words such as a farmer or a shepherd would speak.
5-8. I, the queen, will lie on the foliage. I, Inana, will run to the foliage. May they stand at my service ....... I will meet ...... Ama-ucumgal-ana.
9-16. I will sprinkle water ....... I will make ...... shine. I will make my mec tree sprout forth. I will sprinkle water in the house of Enlil. I will make ...... shine. I will make my mec tree sprout forth. I will sprinkle water ...... in E-kur. I will make my king grow like a mec tree in the courtyard. I will sprinkle water in the house of Enlil. I will make King Ama-ucumgal-ana grow like a mectree in the courtyard.
17-28. I am perfect for the lord in E-kur. We are a fitting ornament in the joyful palace. In the house of Enlil ....... In the house of Enlil ....... ...... in E-kur ....... approx. 3 lines missingI shall decree a good destiny ...... from the abzu for my king, a mec tree properly ......, ...... verdant, full of beauty, of his mother and father, my ...... who was born ......:
29-36. ...... good semen, good seed; when he comes forth from the brickbuilt abzu, I will make him sprout forth like a mec tree. Ama-ucumgal-ana, may An create ....... ...... shall supply you with ....... Your sweet beauty, like foliage ....... I shall cherish you ....... I will make Ama-ucumgal-ana sprout forth as just such a mec tree!
37-44. I shall perform laments for you with the balaj drum (?) ....... I shall lean against you ...... as against a wood of cypresses. May you (?) rejoice ...... in E-kur. May they stand at your service ......, man of my heart. For your sake I shall take my seat (?) in E-kur. I shall stand (?) in prayer for you in E-kur, the house of Enlil. In his exalted location, An gave you to me. Lord Enlil, the Great Mountain, .......
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana G)
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1-2. The burgeoning one, he ...... with his own mother; the one with kindly eyes takes counsel with his father.
3-12. You are our brother, you are our brother. You are our brother in charge of the palace gate, you are our captain of the barge, you are our commander of the chariot, you are our servant of the hunting chariot; you are our city father and judge, you are the son-in-law of five things, the son-in-law of 10 things. Brother, you are the son-in-law of our father, you are our son-in-law supreme; our mother speaks favourably with you.
13-16. Your coming here is life indeed, your entering the house is abundance; lying at your side is my utmost joy. My sweet, let us delight ourselves on the bed.
A tigi to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana H)
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Segment A
1-8. While I, the lady, was passing the day yesterday, while I, Inana, was passing the day yesterday, while I was passing the day, while I was dancing, while I was singing songs all day until evening, he met me, he met me. The lord, the friend of An, met me; the lord took me in his hands, Ucumgal-ana embraced me about my neck.
9-12. "......, let me go, so that I can go to our house! Friend of Enlil, let me go, so that I can go to our house! What lie can I offer to my mother? What lie can I offer to my mother Ningal?"
13-22. "Let me teach you, let me teach you! Inana, let me teach you the lies of women: "My girlfriend was dancing with me in the square. She ran around playfully with me, banging the drum. She sang her sweet songs for me. I passed the day there with her in pleasure and delight." Offer this as a lie to your own mother. As for us -- let me make love with you by moonlight! Let me loosen your hairgrip on the holy and luxuriant couch. May you pass a sweet day there with me in voluptuous pleasure."
24-26. "I the maiden, in the streets and alleys, ......, by day I ...... with you," 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 11 lines missing
Segment B
1-12.1 line fragmentary1 line unclearThere he is, standing at our mother's gate, while I am rushing around in excitement. There he is standing at Ningal's gate, while I am rushing around in excitement. Oh that someone would tell my mother! May our neighbour come to sprinkle water on the floor! Oh that someone would tell my mother Ningal! May our neighbour come to sprinkle water on the floor: the fragrance of her dwelling is pleasant, and her words are delightful.
13-20. My lord is perfect for the holy embrace. Ama-ucumgal-ana, the son-in-law of Suen, Lord Dumuzid, is perfect for the holy embrace. Ama-ucumgal-ana, son-in-law of Suen, my lord: how pleasing is your lavishness, and how sweet-tasting are your green plants from the plain! Ama-ucumgal-ana, how pleasing is your lavishness, and how sweet-tasting are your green plants from the plain!
A kunjar to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana I)
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1-6. "If it were not for our mother, he would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert! If it were not for our mother, this young man would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert! If it were not for my mother Ningal, he would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert! If it were not for Ningikuga, he would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert! If it were not for Father Suen, he would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert! If it were not for my brother Utu, he would be chasing me along the dark (?) paths of the desert!"
7-22. "Young woman, don't provoke a quarrel! Inana, let us talk it over! Inana, don't provoke a quarrel! Ninegala, let us discuss it together! My father is just as good as your father; Inana, let us talk it over! My mother is just as good as your mother; Ninegala, let us discuss it together! Jectin-ana is just as good as ......; Inana, let us talk it over! I am just as good as Utu; Ninegala, let us discuss it together! Enki is just as good as Suen; Inana, let us talk it over! Durtur is just as good as Ningal; Ninegala, let us discuss it together!"
23-24. The words they speak are words towards desire; provoking a quarrel is the desire of his heart!
25-30. He of the cuba jewels, he of the cuba jewels is indeed ploughing with the cuba jewels! Ama-ucumgal-ana, he of the cuba jewels, is indeed ploughing with the cuba jewels! He lays down like seeds the little jewels among his jewels. He piles up (?) like grain piles the large jewels among his jewels. He will carry them to the roof for his ...... who is leaning towards him from the roof; he will carry them to the wall for Inana who is leaning towards him from the wall.
31-35. ...... calls out to Ama-ucumgal-ana: "Ploughing with the jewels, ploughing with the jewels, for whom is he ploughing? Ama-ucumgal-ana, ploughing with the jewels, for whom is he ploughing? May the little jewels among his jewels be on our throat! May the large jewels among his jewels be on our holy breast!"
36-40. Ama-ucumgal-ana answers the mistress: "It is for the mistress, it is for my spouse the mistress -- I am ploughing with them for her! For holy Inana, the priestess -- I am ploughing with them for her!" He of the cuba jewels, he of the cuba jewels will indeed plough with the cuba jewels! Ama-ucumgal-ana, he of the cuba jewels, will indeed plough with the cubajewels!
41-45. "Ploughing with the jewels, ploughing with the jewels, for whom is he ploughing? Ama-ucumgal-ana, ploughing with the jewels, for whom is he ploughing? The beard of the one whom he will create for me, the one whom he will create for me, is of lapis-lazuli, the beard of the ...... whom An will create for me is lapis-lazuli, the beard of the ...... is of lapis-lazuli, his beard is of lapis-lazuli."
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana J)
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1-12. "...... beloved sister of Dumuzid, beloved ...... of Durtur, ...... seed implanted into the womb by a good bull, my lady, born to ladyship! With her aid the cattle-pen was filled with butter and cream, with her aid the sheepfold was long provided with milk. On the high plain, my ......, you are Jectin-ana. O girl, ...... indeed! Your little ones ...... indeed! Unug ...... indeed! Kulaba ...... indeed! ...... you are ......."
13-17. Because of her brother, the girl lacerated her eyes and lacerated her mouth; she lacerated her buttocks, the place not spoken of to men. She made her way towards the tavern of the palace. The girl questioned a minister who was coming out of the palace.
18-24. The minister who was coming out of the palace answered the girl: "Those endowed with divine powers, 10 incantation priests, prostration priests, bathed priests and ablution priests will never cease coming every month, once a month, to the great shrine, for (?) your brother, who has taken possession of the en priesthood, the en priesthood of Unug ......, for (?) your brother, who has taken possession of the en priesthood."
25-32. At that time there were seven, there were seven, the song performers of Unug were seven; in Zabalam the lament singers were fifty. They knew the stars of the heavens, and they knew the roads of the earth. In the broad heavens, they carried the first-fruit offerings. They raised songs, and they lowered songs; they did not declare the beginning of the song to them. They were elders not yet assigned to their positions.
33-38. The little sister dwelling among them spoke to them 1 line unclear"While we raise the song, you will lower the song." ...... she did not dwell among them ....... She dwelt in the ...... of the ercema (?). She dwelt ...... the ercema (?), of precious metal and lapis lazuli, of the goldsmith.
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana L)
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1-6. My valiant Nanna, who ......, my dear one, you love me; joy ....... ...... Bau loves you. 3 lines fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
A cir-namcub to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana M)
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Segment A
1-10.1 line unclearBelonging to Inana ....... Belonging to the gatherer (?) of divine powers ....... Belonging to my good woman ....... My good young woman ....... Plenty ...... Dumuzid ....... Ucumgal-ana ....... Belonging to the lady ....... Ninegala ....... 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 6 lines missing
Segment B
5-6. A cir-namcub. A cirnamcub of (?) .......
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana O)
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1-7.1 line fragmentary Your name ....... As I walk, as I walk, as I pass along the banks of the august river, as I roam along the banks of the Euphrates, as I stand ...... the lord, as I pass along the gaudy streets:
8-13. May you be ...... a bending reed, may you be barley in the furrows, a beautiful ......, may you be Ezina, who beautifies ......, may you be a nursing mother of the womb, may you be your mother's ......, a vine, {my} {( 1 ms. has instead:) your} beloved, your personal god's ......, acting {grandly} {( 1 ms. has instead:) humanely}!
14-21. May "There is enough, there is enough" {be your blessing} {( 1 ms. has instead:) is a splendid utterance}, and may "There is none" be your abomination. May you be the owner of a house where there is enough, with (?) a beautiful sister, beautiful children! A beautiful storehouse ...... like a rope (?). May you be, may you be a male among men, among men. May you be, may you be the son of your god, may you be handsome, may you be praised!
22-33. May you be one who pleases his city's god, may you be a son who delights his mother, may you be the life-force of your city, may you be an honourable man, good offspring, may you be prosperous and ...... destiny, may you own silver there, may you own grain there! Owning silver, may you delight in silver; owning grain, may you delight in grain! May you be valiant and joyous, may you not be blighted by ....... May you be a soother of hearts, who never wearies of words!
A balbale (?) to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana P)
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Segment A
1-10. ...... of my ...... is holy. I am she who directs ....... ...... genitals ....... ...... is perfect for august status. Subduing ......, fixing my gaze ......, I am she who directs ....... 3 lines fragmentary
11-21. ...... my genitals ......, my ...... which is seemly for a deity, ...... of my buttocks, my brightly coloured ......, ...... of my buttocks, my ...... established by ......, my ...... ordered by ......, my ...... which befits the palace, my ...... which passes the time ......, ...... is racing. Dumuzidbrings .......
22-27. I gazed over all the people, and chose Dumuzid as god of the Land. For Dumuzid, beloved by Enlil, I exalted his name and decreed his destiny. My mother cherishes him constantly, and my father speaks his praise.
28-35. I bathed and rubbed myself with soap for him, standing at the washing basin. For him I straightened my clothes as the garments of power, I reinforced for him the noble vestments. I put ......, I loosened ...... 2 lines fragmentaryapprox. 7 lines missing
Segment B
1-9. The queen ....... Outside (?) the city, the house (?) ...... lapis lazuli ....... In my sanctuary, ...... in prayer, in holy prayer, ....... I am Inana ...... powerful garment. The gala singer ...... in song, the musician performs a hymn. My bridegroom rejoices beside me, the {wild bull} {( 1 ms. has instead:) lord} Dumuzid rejoices beside me.
10-17. ...... a desire in laudatory words. The lady of all the lands ......, who raises up prayers in Nibru ......, who lowers prayers ......, the lady praises herself; the gala singer ...... in song. Inana praises ...... her genitals in song:
18-28. "These genitals, ......, like a horn, ...... a great waggon, this moored Boat of Heaven ...... of mine, clothed in beauty like the new crescent moon, this waste land abandoned in the desert ......, this field of ducks where my ducks sit, this high well-watered field of mine: my own genitals, the maiden's, a well-watered opened-up mound -- who will be their ploughman? My genitals, the lady's, the moist and well-watered ground -- who will put an ox there?"
29-30. "Lady, the king shall plough them for you; Dumuzid the king shall plough them for you."
31-34. "Plough in my genitals, man of my heart!" ...... bathed her holy hips, ...... holy ......, the holy basin 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 3 lines missing
Segment C
1-11. Ninegala, the holy ....... 5 lines fragmentary The holy embrace ....... Fresh fruits (?) and shoots ....... As she arises from the king's embrace, the flax rises up with her, the barley rises up with her. With her, the desert is filled with a glorious garden.
12-17. His wife dwelt happily with him in E-namtila, the king's house; Inana dwelt happily with him in E-namtila, Dumuzid's house. Rejoicing in his house, Inana pleads with the king:
18-27. "Make the milk yellow for me, my bridegroom, make the milk yellow for me, and I will drink the milk with you, my bridegroom! Wild bull Dumuzid, make the milk yellow for me, and I will drink the milk with you, my bridegroom! ...... the goat's milk ...... the fold; lord (?) of all things, fill my holy churns. Dumuzid, ...... camel's milk. The milk of the camels ....... Their butter and milk are sweet, ....... Lord Dumuzid, ...... I will drink the milk with you."
28-42. "My spouse, ...... the pleasant building. Inana, I will place them at your disposal, I will place them there before you in your E-namtila, the amazing source of the Land's radiance, the house where the destiny of all the lands is decreed, where the living people are correctly guided. Ninegala, I will place them at your disposal, I will place them there before you in your E-namtila. Inana, I will place them at your disposal in E-namtila, the building which grants long life. I will place them there before you in your E-namtila. 3 lines missing1 line fragmentary"
43-47. Inside (?) ......, E-namtila ....... Ningal faithfully ......: "I will give you life unto distant days, Dumuzid, the desire and love of Inana."
48-66. " Inana, I will place them at your disposal, I will place them there before you in your E-namtila, the house whose splendour covers the Land, the house in which the purification rites are most holy, the house with appropriately grand treasures." ...... with his butter and cheese, ...... will place at your disposal there ....... 11 lines fragmentary ...... of Inana.
Segment D
(unplaceable; possibly part of another composition)
unknown no. of lines missing
1-13.beginnings of 13 fragmentary linesunknown no. of lines missing
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana R)
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Version A (of three closely related compositions)
1-8. Maiden, glossy mane, lovely beauty, Inana, glossy mane, lovely beauty! Maiden, mane of the ibex, ...... red deer, ...... red deer, Inana, mane of the ibex, ...... red deer, ...... red deer! Maiden, colourful as a pile of grain, fit for the king, Inana, colourful as a pile of grain, fit for Dumuzid! Maiden, you are a shock of two-row barley, fully developed in loveliness, Inana, you are a shock of two-row barley, fully developed in loveliness!
9-14. I am the queen, I am the queen, I am ...... full of loveliness! I am the maiden, I am the queen, I am ...... full of loveliness! I am the queen, seed engendered by An, I am ...... full of loveliness! I am good oil, good oil, ...... sweet perfume! ...... may he moor the boat ....... ...... may he moor the boat .......
15-19. I am the queen, I shall go with him to his ....... I am Inana, I shall go with him to his ....... I shall go with him to his ....... I shall go with him to his ...... shrine. I shall go with him to the house with its measuring jars.
20-28. Let me learn the way to the man, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to my Ama-ucum, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to Ama-ucumgal-ana, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to the esparto grass, my milk, to my milk, my milk! Let me learn the way to the poplars, the cool place, my milk! Let me learn the way to the innuc plants, the pure plants, my milk! Let me learn the way to the grasslands, the frosty place, my milk! Let me learn the way to the holy sheepfold, my man's sheepfold! Let me learn the way to the holy sheepfold, my Dumuzid's sheepfold!
30. I will speak ...... ( this line is probably a catch-line to the second (sa-jara) section, not preserved)
Version B (of three closely related compositions)
unknown no. of lines missing
1-13. ...... the small things, ...... the small things, ...... the great things, ...... the small things, ...... my property that has to be brought ......; my sheep that eat ....... The cowherd ...... will not find the cow-pen, the shepherd ...... will not find the sheepfold. My butter carrier will not carry the butter, my milk carrier will not carry the milk. My ...... to the evil ones. 2 lines fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
Version C (of three closely related compositions)
unknown no. of lines missing
1-7.1 line fragmentary The lord made the milk abundant for me, ....... Dumuzid made the butter abundant for me, ....... When he carried the butter, butter was abundant. When he carried the milk, milk was abundant. When he carried milk and butter, he did not enter the house ....... May the lady anoint herself with finest oil!
8-16. Let me learn the way to the man, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to my Ama-ucum, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to Ama-ucumgal-ana, my milk, my cream! Let me learn the way to the esparto grass, my milk, ......, my milk! Let me learn the way to the poplars, the cool place, my milk! Let me learn the way to the grasslands, the frosty place, my milk! Let me learn the way to the innuc plants, the pure plants, my milk! Let me learn the way to the holy sheepfold, my bridegroom's sheepfold! Let me learn the way to the holy sheepfold, my Dumuzid's sheepfold!
17-18. The mistress ....... The shepherd Dumuzid .......
A kunjar to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana T)
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1-10. ...... he who cools, who cools ....... He who uproots the grass for holy Inana, who uproots ....... He who gathers the dates, ...... the date palm. He who gathers the dates for holy Inana, ...... the date palm. Let him bring her water, let him bring her water, and black emmer seeds. With the water let him bring Inana a heap, and white emmer seeds. The man brings, the man brings, he brings a heap of stones to choose from. The man brings to the maiden Inana, he brings a heap of stones to choose from. He gathers the lapis lazuli from the top of the heap. He gathers the lapis lazuli for Inana from the top of the heap.
11-24. She chooses the buttocks beads and puts them on her buttocks. Inana chooses the head stones and puts them on her head. She chooses the lumps of translucent lapis lazuli and puts them on the nape of her neck. She chooses the golden genitals and puts them on the hair of her head. She chooses the ribbons (?) of gold for the ears and puts them on her ears. She chooses the burnished bronze and puts it in her ear lobes (?). She chooses that which drips with honey and puts it on her face. She chooses that of the outer shrine and puts it on her nose. She chooses the ...... and puts it on her mouth. She chooses the beautiful ...... ring and puts it in her navel. She chooses a well of honey and fresh water and puts it on her hips. She chooses bright alabaster and puts it on her thighs. She chooses black {...... willow (?)} {( 1 ms. has instead:) fleece (?)} and puts it on her genitals. She chooses ornate sandals and puts them on her toes.
26-31. The lord meets her for whom lapis lazuli was gathered from the heap. Dumuzid meets Inana for whom lapis lazuli was gathered from the heap. The shepherd of An, the servant of Enlil, the lord meets her. The servant of An, the herdsman of Enlil, Dumuzid meets her. The lord meets her at the lapis lazuli door which stands in the jipar shrine. Dumuzid meets her at the narrow door which stands in the storehouse of E-ana.
32-36. When she turns from the top of the heap, when Inana turns from the top of the heap, may the woman enter (?) with her songs, decorated (?). The maiden, singing, sends a messenger to her father. Inana, dancing from joy, sends a messenger to her father:
37-47. "Let them ...... for me into my house, my house. Let them ...... into my house, my house for me, the queen. Let them ...... for me into my jipar shrine. Let them erect for me my flowered bed. Let them spread it for me with herbs like translucent lapis lazuli. For me let them bring in the man of my heart. Let them bring in to me my Ama-ucumgal-ana. Let them put his hand in my hand, let them put his heart by my heart. As hand is put to head, the sleep is so pleasant. As heart is pressed to heart, the pleasure is so sweet."
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana V)
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1-15. The young lady, the king's kohl, Inana, Dumuzid's kohl, full of joy, adorned with loveliness, goes to the shepherd in the sheepfold, goes to Dumuzid in the cattle-pen. There on the road she ...... the shepherd, the maiden Inana meets him on the path. Dumuzid comes forth like the daylight. ...... extended his hand to ......; ...... extended his hand to ....... ...... extended hand. 1 line fragmentary ...... enfolded in numerous buds, ...... sprouted branches, ...... heart .......
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana W)
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1-22.4 lines missing2 lines fragmentary May my sheep eat my ...... which is growing in the fields, my plants, my camel-thorn. May my sheep eat my ......, my plants, my winnowed barley. May my sheep eat my life of the Land which is growing in the fields, my plants, my stubble. May my sheep eat my support of orphans and sustenance of widows, my plants, my cakir plants. May my sheep eat my string of clay balls (?) which is growing in the fields, my plants, my colocynth. May my sheep eat my beer wort mixed with honey, my plants, my marsh reeds. May my sheep eat my calves going together with their bulls, my plants, my reed shoots. May my sheep eat my blossoming garden of apple trees, my plants, my reeds.
23-38. May my sheep eat my aromatic plants of the fields, dripping with syrup, my plants, my licorice. May my sheep eat my ...... waterskin hanging from the saddle, my plants, my harubpods. May my sheep eat my grass spread out like a mantle, my plants, my meadow grass. May my sheep eat my native-born (?) of flourishing Sumer, my plants, my kali plants. May my sheep eat my unkempt long hair, my plants, my esparto grass. May my sheep eat my plants that ignore winter and summer, my plants, my date palm saplings. May my sheep eat my beautiful ...... plants with a head of fine hairs, my plants, my lilangi plants. May my sheep eat my ...... growing in the desert, my plants, my apple grass.
39-44. ...... and smeared milk and honey on it. The youth is gentle towards his spouse; the wild bull stands in prayer before her. He is gentle towards holy Inana. Embracing ......, he treats her gently. Dumuzid stands in prayer before her. approx. 5 lines missing
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana Y)
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1-8.5 lines missing1 line fragmentary ...... his father like a messenger. 1 line fragmentary
9-23. ( Utu speaks:) "Our brother-in-law, the daytime will pass; our brother-in-law, night will come. Then I shall make the moonlight enter its house, I shall make the stars become dimmed in their house. Our brother-in-law, when the daytime has passed, our brother-in-law, when the night comes, and after the moonlight has entered its house, after the stars have become dimmed in their house, I shall draw the bolt from the door for you ......." 5 lines missing
24-33. "My elder sister! ......." "My sweet! ......." "My elder sister! ......." "My brother with kindly eyes!" 2 lines unclear"Here is our parapet! Tear down our parapet! Our spouse, exert (?) yourself, exert (?) yourself! If you are captured, what will become of us? They have let you go: come into our house!"
34-47. "My one distinguished by a shock of hair, my one distinguished by a shock of hair! My sweet, my one distinguished by a shock of hair! My one distinguished by a shock of hair like a palm tree! My shaggy-necked one like a tamarisk, my one distinguished by a shock of hair! My man distinguished in the assembly by your shock of hair! Rub it against our breast, my sweet! Noble one (?), honoured in the assembly with your shock of hair! Rub it against our breast, my brother with kindly eyes! My lapis lazuli beard, my fermenting-vat shock of hair! My beard mottled like lapis lazuli! My shock of hair sturdy as a fermenting vat! My ivory figurine, my golden figure! My object fashioned by a skilled carpenter! My one worked on by a skilled metal worker!"
48-55. "Come (?), my beloved sister! I will ...... mouth. Her genitals are as sweet as her mouth. Her mouth is as sweet as her genitals. ...... beautiful. ...... eyes. 3 lines fragmentary or missing"
56-65. "May you be sweet words in the mouth! May you be a reign which brings forth happy days! May you be a feast which brightens the countenance! May you be a shining mirror! Beloved of Enlil, may {the heart of your god} {( 1 ms. has instead:) your god} be assuaged towards you! Come at night, stay at night! Come with the sun, stay with the sun! May your god pave the road for you, may he level the hills and depths for you!"
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana Z)
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Segment A
1-9. My own mother gave birth to me for your sake, my Ningal gave birth to me for your sake. ......, my beloved heart will come. ......, my beloved heart will come there. May ...... come to me (?), and I will rejoice over him. May Dumuzid come to me (?), and I will rejoice over him. 1 line unclearDumuzid ...... 1 line fragmentaryunknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-9.1 line fragmentary Let us embrace, my bridegroom! Come, let us rejoice in play! Let us embrace, my Ama-ucum! Come, let us rejoice in play! Friend of An, lord, my heart's desire, cheering the mood, gladdening the heart: may you be our sun god! I will go to the lord, I will talk with him, I will say to the lord of my heart:
10-19. "...... with Enlil, and my father, Suen, chose you in his heart. I myself chose you in my heart; you are the man of the heart. He has placed on your head for me the good headdress and the holy crown. You shall stand in service before the great gods, the Anuna gods who shine forth radiantly. Let us embrace, my bridegroom! Let us lie on my flowered bed! Let us embrace, my Ama-ucum! Let us lie on my flowered bed!"
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana B1)
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1-9. It was in the days of abundance, it was in the nights of plenty; it was in the months of luxuriance, it was in the years of rejoicing. In those days the shepherd, the shepherd Dumuziddecided in his holy heart to make his heart joyful, to go to the cattle-pen, to brighten its mood, to make the holy sheepfold shine like the day. He of decision and resolve spoke to the queen of heaven, the queen of earth. Ama-ucumgal-ana addressed words to her:
10-14. "Wife, I am going to bring flowing water to the arid (?) place. I am going to look after my spacious cattle-pen. I am going to find out the condition of the holy sheepfold. I am going to feed my sheep. I am going to seek out the ...... of fresh water for drinking."
15-20. He told his wife of this resolve; he presented his decision to her. His wife returned to their dwelling; holy Inana brought ...... into E-tur-kalama. She was dumbfounded; the mistress Inana was thrown into confusion as if by a flood wave.
22-34. Then the shepherd went out into the desert. The young man Dumuzid ...... in the cattle-pen. His sister, the queen of scribes, went to ...... heaven and earth. The shepherd and his sister entered there into the holy sheepfold inside which the sheep live. He was living there, the shepherd was living there; and his sister, the singer expert in song, was living in that dwelling. Abundance filled the cattle-pen, plenty flowed in the sheepfold. They ate, they ate pure food -- pressed oil, honey and ghee. They drank emmer beer and strong liquor.
35-41. Dumuzid, the shepherd Dumuzid decided in his holy heart to make the heart of his sister overflow with joy. He fastened ...... and brought them into the cow-pen. He brought ...... for her, a ewe with its lamb. The lamb jumped up on its mother, and then mounted her and copulated with her. The shepherd said to his sister:
42-46. "Look, my sister! What is the lamb seeking from his mother?" His sister replied to him: "He is mounting on the back of his mother, and making her sing out." ( Dumuzid speaks:) "If he is mounting on her back, and making her sing out, what it really is ......: he is copulating with her and filling her to overflowing with his semen."
47-56. The kid jumped up on his sister and then mounted her and copulated with her. The shepherd said to his sister: "Look, my sister! What is the kid seeking from his sister?" His sister, not grasping the meaning, replied to him: "He is mounting on the back of his sister, and making her sing out." ( Dumuzid speaks:) "If he is mounting on her back, and making her sing out, what it really is: he is filling her genitals with his ejaculated semen." "My brother, ...... to me derisively ...... mount! Who will cause ...... to have ...... in the future?"
58-59. The shepherd was not frightened (?), and did not ....... He said to his sister: unknown no. of lines missing
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana C1)
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Segment A
1-10.2 lines fragmentary Ninegala, your wedding ushers are lords! ...... like someone cracking eggs ....... Inana, your ushers are lords! ...... is first, ...... is second, 1 line fragmentary the fowler ......, and the fisherman from the depths of the reedbeds.
11-20. "I will send a messenger to the shepherd: let him treat me to the best butter and the best milk! I will send a messenger to my farmer: let him treat me to ...... and wine! I, the lady, will send a messenger to the fowler, whose bird-nets are spread out: let him treat me to fine birds! I, Inana, will send a messenger to the fisherman too whose nets are set up in the reedbeds: let him treat me to fat carp!"
21-32. One of her ushers brought the gifts. The fowler brought choice birds, and the fisherman brought fat carp and put them ...... my lady. The shepherd carried butter in his hands, Dumuzidcarried milk on his shoulders. He carried butter and milk in containers on his shoulders, he carried milk in the churn on his shoulders. ...... called out to the house; Dumuzid ......: "Open the house, my lady! Open the house!" 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 4 lines missing
Segment B
1-11. The mistress ....... She stepped forward to her own mother, and stood ...... expert in song: ( Ningal speaks:) "He will be just like ....... He will be just like ....... He will be just like ...... for you. He will be just like your father. He will be just like your mother. His mother too will ...... just like your mother! His father too will ...... just like your father!" ( Dumuzid speaks:) "Open the house, my lady! Open the house!"
12-23. At her mother's bidding, Inana bathed in water and anointed herself with sweet oil. She covered her body with a grand robe; she also took her pin. She straightened the lapis lazuli stones on her neck, and grasped her cylinder seal in her hand. The young lady stepped forward as Dumuzid pushed open the door, and like a moonbeam she came forth to him from the house. He looked at her and rejoiced in her; he embraced her and kissed her. 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 9 lines missing
Segment C
1-8.1 line fragmentary Dumuzid ....... Lord Dumuzid ....... "My master, ...... home. My master, my spouse ....... Dumuzid ....... My master, take me (?) into the house." The shepherd Dumuzidsaid to his bride:
9-13. "My bride, come forth from the ....... Inana, ...... the house of my personal god. I shall bring you to the house of my god. I shall get you to lie down before my god and, Inana, you shall sit with me in my god's seat of honour!"
14-24. When he had spoken thus to her, she sat down ...... 1 line fragmentary ...... stepped forward ....... ...... uttered a prayer ...... 5 lines fragmentary ...... your usher ...... approx. 4 lines missing
Segment D
1-4.1 line fragmentary ...... before you ....... My Ama-ucumgal, ...... boat. ...... the young lady:
5-13. "I have not carried you off to be my slave girl! ......, your table will be a splendid table. You will eat at a splendid table. Your table will be a splendid table, a splendid table. You will eat ....... My mother does not eat there, Durtur's brother does not eat there, my sister Jectin-ana does not eat there; but you will eat ......."
14-27. "My bride, you should not weave cloth for me! ......, you should not spin yarn for me! ......, you should not comb out goat's wool for me! ......, you should not warp threads for me!" 3 lines fragmentary "You should not (?) ...... bread for me!" Ninegala, ....... The wild bull Dumuzid ....... ...... holy radiance on the horizon ......, ...... radiance in heaven ......, 2 lines fragmentaryup to 5 lines missing
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana D1)
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1-7. The ...... of E-temen-ni-guru, the organisation of the house of Eridug, the radiance of the house of Suen, and the erected banners of the E-ana were all given as gifts to the house. My good house floats like a cloud; its name too is a favourable omen.
8-12. He who excels at the ceremonies of queenship has lined with his straw the flowered couch, inlaid with lapis lazuli, which Gibil has purified for you in the Iri-gal shrine and, in the house which he has sanctified for you with his sweet reeds, he is performing the purification rites for you.
13-17. On the day of the moon's disappearance, the day appointed (?), the day when the couch will be inspected, the day when the lord will make love, grant life to the lord and give the staff and the crook to the lord!
18-22. She desires it, she desires it, she desires the couch. She desires the couch of heart's joy, she desires the couch. She desires the couch of the sweet embrace, she desires the couch. She desires the kingly couch, she desires the couch. She desires the queenly couch, she desires the couch.
23-27. When she makes comfortable, when she makes comfortable, when she makes the couch comfortable; when she makes the couch of heart's joy comfortable, when she makes the couch comfortable; when she makes the couch of the sweet embrace comfortable, when she makes the couch comfortable; when she makes the kingly couch comfortable, when she makes the couch comfortable; when she makes the queenly couch comfortable, when she makes the couch comfortable,
28-32. she covers the couch for him ......, covers the couch for him; she covers the couch for him ......, covers the couch for him; she calls the king to her sweet couch, she calls the beloved to her sweet couch, and speaks to him words of life, words of long days.
33-46. Nincubur, the good minister of E-ana, clasps him by his right hand and brings him in bliss to Inana's embrace: "May the lord whom you have chosen in your heart, the king, your beloved husband, enjoy long days in your holy and sweet embrace! Give him a propitious and famous reign, give him a royal throne of kingship on its firm foundation, give him the sceptre to guide the Land, and the staff and crook, and give him the righteous headdress and the crown which glorifies the head! From the rising of the sun to the setting of the sun, from the south to the north, from the upper sea to the lower sea, from where the halub tree grows to where the cedar grows, over all Sumer and Akkad, grant him the staff and the crook!"
47-59. "May he act as shepherd of the black-headed inhabitants; may he, like a farmer, make the fields productive; may he make the sheepfolds multiply, like a trustworthy shepherd. Under him, may there be flax, may there be barley; in the rivers may there be carp floods. Under him, may there be mottled barley in the fields; in the marshes, fish, and may the birds chatter. Under him, may the old reeds and the young reeds grow tall in the reedbeds; under him, may the macgurum bushes flourish on the high plains. Under him, may the wild sheep and wild goats multiply in the forests; under him, may the irrigated orchards produce syrup and wine. Under him, may lettuce and cress flourish in the garden plots; under him, may there be long life in the palace."
60-64. "May high flood-waters flow in the Tigris and Euphrates, may the grasses grow tall on their banks, and may the meadows be covered. May the holy lady Nisaba pile high the grain heaps and mounds. My lady, queen of heaven and earth, queen who encompasses heaven and earth, may he enjoy long days ...... embrace."
65-70. With head high, the king goes now ......, with head high he goes to the holy embrace of Inana. The king going now with head high ......, going now to my lady with head high, 1 line fragmentary he embraces the mistress. ( the ends of a number of further lines are preserved) unknown no. of lines missing
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana E1)
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Segment A
unknown no. of lines missing
1-16.16 lines fragmentary or unclear
17-22. The young maiden ...... a tiara. The young man ...... sword belt. Let my girlfriend ...... to the place of the festival. She rides on a beast, ...... on a beast. ...... on a lion ....... ...... on a great beast ....... unknown no. of lines missing
Segment B
1-16.1 line fragmentary ...... gathers ......, ...... on her ears. She blends (?), she blends (?) ....... She blends (?) kohl. She lets down her hair which was combed up. She bathes and rubs herself with soap. She rubs herself with soap from the white bowl, she bathes with water from the holy ewer. She anoints herself with sweet oil from the stone bowl. She dresses in her laundered clothes. She combs up her hair which was let down. She paints her eyes with kohl. She puts the lapis lazuli beads on her neck, arranging their button on her neck sinews. She ...... a cylinder seal on the nape of her neck. She covers her body with a queenly robe.
17-21. Durtur ...... the house of her girlfriend. Durtur, walking on the hills, ....... Durtur, circling (?) around in the valleys, ....... Durtur ...... her girlfriend. Durtur ....... unknown no. of lines missing
Segment C
1-7.2 lines fragmentary ...... Lugalbanda. ...... Ninsumun. Durtur ...... kohl on her eyes. 2 lines fragmentary
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana F1)
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1-10. ...... my side. ...... on a bed dripping with honey. ...... his hand in my hand. ...... his foot by my foot. ...... my lips on his mouth. 2 lines fragmentary ...... like a bracelet on my hand. ...... lapis lazuli on my neck. ...... like silver ...... of my bridegroom.
11-15. The brother ...... in his garden. ...... stand ...... his standing tree. ...... lie down ...... his recumbent tree. He laid me down ....... ...... dates.
16-23. The ...... spoke to me among the apple trees. My precious sweet ...... my head. The ...... spoke to me among the fig trees. My precious sweet ...... my ....... The ...... spoke to me among the willow (?) trees. My precious sweet ....... The ...... spoke to me ....... My precious sweet ...... my .......
Dumuzid and Enkimdu
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1-6. "Maiden, the cattle-pen ......; maiden Inana, the sheepfold ....... ...... bending in the furrows. Inana, let me stroll with you; ...... the emmer ....... Young lady, let me ......."
7-11. "I am a woman and I won't do that, I won't! I am a star ......, and I won't! I won't be the wife of a shepherd!" Her brother, the warrior youth Utu, said to holy Inana:
12-19. "My sister, let the shepherd marry you! Maiden Inana, why are you unwilling? {His butter is good, his milk is good} {( 2 mss. have instead:) He of good butter, he of good milk} -- all the work of the shepherd's hands is splendid. Inana, let Dumuzid marry you. You who wear jewellery, who wear cuba jewels, why are you unwilling? {( 1 ms. adds 2 lines:) His butter is good, his milk is good -- all the work of the shepherd's hands is splendid.} He will eat his good butter with you. Protector of the king, why are you unwilling?"
20-34. "The shepherd shall not marry me! He shall not make me carry his garments of new wool. His brand new wool will not influence me. Let the farmer marry me, the maiden. With the farmer who grows colourful flax, with the farmer who grows dappled grain ......." 1 line fragmentaryapprox. 7 lines missing"The shepherd shall not marry me!"
35-39. These words ....... ......the farmer to the shepherd. My king ......, the shepherd, Dumuzid....... ...... to say ......:
40-54. "In what is the farmer superior to me, the farmer to me, the farmer to me? Enkimdu, the man of the dykes and canals -- in what is that farmer superior to me? Let him give me his black garment, and I will give the farmer my black ewe for it. Let him give me his white garment, and I will give the farmer my white ewe for it. Let him pour me his best beer, and I will pour the farmer my yellow milk for it. Let him pour me his fine beer, and I will pour the farmer my soured (?) milk for it. Let him pour me his brewed beer, and I will pour the farmer my whipped milk for it. Let him pour me his beer shandy, and I will pour the farmer my ...... milk for it."
55-64. "Let him give me his best filtered beer, and I will give the farmer my curds (?). Let him give me his best bread, and I will give the farmer my ...... milk for it. Let him give me his little beans, and I will give the farmer my small cheeses for them. {( 1 ms. adds 2 lines:) Let him give me his large beans, and I will give the farmer my big cheeses for them.} After letting him eat and letting him drink, I will even leave extra butter for him, and I will leave extra milk for him. In what is the farmer superior to me?"
65-73. He was cheerful, he was cheerful, at the edge of the riverbank, he was cheerful. On the riverbank, the shepherd on the riverbank, now the shepherd was even pasturing the sheep on the riverbank. The farmer approached the shepherd there, the shepherd pasturing the sheep on the riverbank; the farmer Enkimdu approached him there. Dumuzid ...... the farmer, the king of dyke and canal. From the plain where he was, the shepherd from the plain where he was provoked a quarrel with him; the shepherd Dumuzid from the plain where he was provoked a quarrel with him.
74-79. "Why should I compete against you, shepherd, I against you, shepherd, I against you? Let your sheep eat the grass of the riverbank, let your sheep graze on my stubble. Let them eat grain in the jewelled (?) fields of Unug, let your kids and lambs drink water from my Surungal canal."
80-83. "As for me, I am a shepherd: when I am married, farmer, you are going to be counted as my friend. Farmer Enkimdu, you are going to be counted as my friend, farmer, as my friend."
84-87. "I will bring you wheat, and I will bring you beans; I will bring you two-row barley from the threshing-floor. And you, maiden, I will bring you whatever you please, maiden Inana, ...... barley or ...... beans."
88-89. The dispute between the shepherd and the farmer: maiden Inana, your praise is sweet.
A balbale to Inana
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1-8. Lady, you who wander among sweet-voiced cows and gentle-voiced calves in the cattle-pen; young woman, no sooner will you arrive there, Inana, than the churn should sound! May the churn of your spouse sound, Inana, may the churn of Dumuzid sound! May the churn sound, may the churn of Dumuzid sound!
9-16. The rocking of the churn will sing for you, Inana, thus making you joyous. The holy churn will sound ...... for you, thus making you joyous, Ninegala. The good shepherd, the man of sweet songs, will loudly (?) sing songs for you; lady, with the sweetest songs, Inana, may he make your heart joyous!
17-22. Lady, when you enter the cattle-pen, Inana, the cattle-pen indeed will rejoice over you. Mistress, when you enter the sheepfold, Inana, the sheepfold indeed will rejoice over you. When you enter the feeding-pen, healthy ewes will spread out their wool for you.
23-29. May your spouse, Ama-ucumgal-ana, ...... on (?) your holy breast. May the holy sheepfold produce plentiful supplies of butter (?) for you. It will make butter plentiful (?), it will make milk plentiful (?), thus making you joyous, Inana. May the holy sheepfold make the butter extensive (?) for you, thus making you joyous, Ninegala.
30-35. For the king you have chosen with your heart, for Dumuzid, the son of Enlil, may the cattle-pen produce (?) butter and milk, may the sheepfold produce (?) abundance! May the days of the true shepherd be numerous! The true shepherd, Dumuzid ...... days of prosperity!
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